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1896 


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THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 


IN  MEMORY  OF 

PROFESSOR  WILLIAM  MERRILL 

AND 

MRS.  IMOGENE  MERRILL 


'^^^Mr  ^^/Tt/tu^M. 


Z\)t  Stuticuts'  Scries  of  ILatin  Classics 


THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS 


VERGIL'S  AENEID,  Books  VII-XII 


EDITED 
WITH  NOTES  AND  INTRODUCTION 

I'.V 

MOSES   STEPHEN   SLAUGHTER,  Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR   OF   LATIN    IN   IOWA   COLLEGE 


LEACH,   SHE^I^ELL,   AND    SANBORN 

BOSTON      NEW  YORK      CHICAGO 

189G 


V 


X 


E\}t  Stutients'  &txits  of  iLatiu  (tlassics 

THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS 

FPwOM 

VERGIL'S  AENEID,  Books  VII-XII 


EDITED 

WITH  NOTES  AND  INTRODUCTION 

BY 

MOSES   STEPHEN   SLAUGHTER,  Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR  OF  LATIN   IN   IOWA  COLLEGE 


LEACH,   SHEWELL,   AND    SANBORN 

BOSTON      NEW  YORK      CHICAGO 
1896 


GIFT 


COPTBIGHT,   1896, 

By  leach,   SHEWELL,  AND  SANBORN. 


NorfajooU  33re08 

J.  S.  Gushing  &  Co.  —  Berwick  &  Smith 
Norwood  Mass.  U.S.A. 


An 


PREFACE. 


In  making  the  selections  for  the  story  of  Turnus,  the  object 
has  been  to  present  to  the  student,  in  continuous  narrative,  a 
portion  of  the  last  half  of  the  Aeneid,  which  might  be  read 
rapidly  and  with  sustained  interest.  Everything,  therefore, 
which  has  no  direct  bearing  upon  the  story  has  been  omitted, 
even  when,  as  in  the  episode  of  Nisus  and  Euryalus,  the  passage 
itself  is  of  great  interest  and  beauty.  The  brief  outlines  in 
English  of  the  omitted  passages  are  sufficient  to  preserve  the 
connection,  while  the  headings  in  italics  serve  to  suggest  the 
contents  of  the  portions  to  be  read.  The  selections  should  be 
read  consecutively,  not  only  for  the  sake  of  the  story,  but  also 
because  words  are  explained  only  where  they  first  occur. 

The  book  may  be  found  useful  for  practice  in  reading  at 
sight,  for  reading  without  translation,  and  for  rapid  reading 
outside  the  class  without  the  aid  of  a  dictionary.  The  latter 
method  is  strongly  recommended  as  retaining  many  of  the 
advantages,  without  the  dangers,  of  sight-translation.  If  the 
work  thus  prepared  is  discussed  carefully  in  class  by  the  in- 
structor, careless  translating  into  incorrect  English  and  unin- 
telligent reading  of  the  Latin  text  will  be  avoided,  while  the 
student  will  have  exercised   his   memory  and   his   powers  of 


ivi684596 


\  r 


IV  PREFACE. 

intuition,  and  will  have  become  familiar  with  the  work  as  a 
connected  piece  of  literature. 

Eighteen  hundred  lines,  the  equivalent  of  two  books  of  the 
Aeneid,  have  been  selected,  and  may  in  some  cases  be  profitably 
substituted  for  a  part  of  the  traditionally  required  six  books. 
In  case  of  such  substitution,  these  selections  may  be  read  in 
the  usual  ,way  by  the  help  of  those  editions  of  the  first  six 
books  which  furnish  a  vocabulary  either  to  the  entire  poem,  or 
even  to  the  first  half  alone,  since  no  words  of  importance,  not 
occurring  in  the  first  six  books,  have  been  omitted  from  the 
notes. 

The  text  used  is  that  of  Thilo,  Leipsic,  1886,  with  a  few 
changes  in  orthography. 

M.   S.   SLAUGHTER. 

Iowa  College,  May,  1896. 


INTRODUCTION. 


To  the  reader  who  has  followed  Aeneas  through  the  first  six 
books  of  Vergil's  poem,  from  Troy  to  Carthage,  thence  to 
Sicily,  and  finally  to  his  landing  at  Cumae,  it  need  only  be  said 
by  way  of  introduction  to  the  story  of  Turnus,  that  after  his 
return  from  the  lower  world,  as  described  in  the  sixth  book  of 
the  Aeneid,  Aeneas  goes  on  board  his  fleet,  and,  skirting  the 
shore  of  Italy,  sails  northward,  landing  at  last  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Tiber.  Here,  he  hopes,  is  to  be  the  home  which  he  has 
been  so  long  seeking.  His  followers  proceed  at  once  to  make 
an  encampment.  Aeneas  sends  messengers  to  Latin  us,  the 
king  of  the  country,  with  overtures  of  peace,  and  at  the  same 
time  asks  for  the  hand  of  the  king's  daughter,  Lavinia,  in 
marriage.  The  aged  Italian  king,  recalling  an  old  oracle  to  the 
effect  that  his  daughter  was  to  wed  a  foreigner,  believes  that 
Aeneas  has  come  in  fulfilment  of  prophecy,  and  therefore 
receives  the  messengers  kindly  and  accepts  Aeneas's  proposals 
of  peace  and  alliance. 

Turnus,  ruler  of  the  Rutulians  and  favored  suitor  of  Lavinia, 
is  roused  to  rebellion  against  this  alliance  with  Aeneas.  The 
rivalry  between  Turnus  and  Aeneas  and  the  vacillating  charac- 
ter of  Latinus  soon  bring  on  a  war.  The  poet  invokes  the 
nmse  anew  to  sing  of  the  mighty  struggle  between  Turnus 
and  Aeneas,  the  former  fighting  in  self-defence  and  to  keep 
out  a  foreign  invader,  while  the  latter  is  eager  to  find  a  home 
and  found  a  kingdom  after  his  long  years  of  fruitless 
wandering. 


THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS. 


The  muse  is  invoked.  Turnus  is  the  favored  suitor  of  Lavinia-, 
the  only  child  of  King  Latinus.  Two  portents  are  related,  vii. 
37-46,  52-80. 

Nunc  age,  qui  reges,  Erato,  quae  tempora  rerum, 
quis  Latio  antique  fuerit  status,  advena  classein 
cum  primum  Ausoniis  exercitus  adpulit  oris, 
expediam  et  primae  revocabo  exordia  pugnae. 
tu  vatem,  tu,  diva,  mone.     dicam  horrida  bella,  6 

dicam  acies  actosque  animis  in  funera  reges 
Tyrrhenamque  manum  totamque  sub  arma  coactam 
Hesperiam.     maior  rerum  mihi  nascitur  ordo, 
mains  opus  moveo.     rex  arva  Latinus  et  urbes 
iam  senior  longa  placidas  in  pace  regebat.  10 

sola  domum  et  tantas  servabat  iilia  sedes, 
iam  matura  viro,  iam  plenis  nubilis  annis. 
multi  illam  magno  e  Latio  totaque  petebant 
Ausonia;  petit  ante  alios  pulcherrimus  omnis 
Turnus,  avis  atavisque  potens,  quem  regia  coniunx         15 

1.  Erato,  one  of  the  Muses.  2.  advena  .  .  .  exercitVLB,  foreign  force. 
5.  vatem,  6a7'rf.  12.  raSit\iTa,yiro,rea(hj  for  a  husband.  12.  nubilis, 
marriageable.  15.  avis  atavisque,  yrawlfathers  and  f/reat-grand- 
fathers,  ancestry. 

1 


2  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  VII. 

adiungi  generum  miro  properabat  am  ore ; 

sed  variis  porteiita  deum  terroribus  obstant. 

laurus  erat  tecti  medio  in  penetralibus  altis, 

sacra  comam  multosque  metu  servata  per  annos, 

quam  pater  inventam,  primas  cum  conderet  arces,  5 

ipse  ferebatur  Phoebo  sacrasse  Latinus, 

Laurentisque  ab  ea  nomen  posuisse  colonis. 

huius  apes  summum.  densae  (mirabile  dictu), 

stridore  ingenti  liquidum  trans  aethera  vectae, 

obsedere  apicem  et  pedibiis  per  mutua  nexis  10 

examen  subitum  ramo  frondente  pependit. 

continuo  vates  ^  externum  cernimus '  inquit 

'  adventare  virum  et  partis  petere  agmen  easdem 

partibus  ex  isdem  et  summa  dominarier  arce.' 

praeterea,  castis  adolet  dum  altaria  taedis  15 

et  iuxta  genitorem  astat  Lavinia  virgo, 

visa  (nefas)  longis  comprendere  crinibus  ignem, 

atque  omnem  ornatum  flamma  crepitante  cremari 

regalisque  accensa  comas,  accensa  coronam 

insignem  gemmis,  tum  fumida  lumine  fulvo  20 

involvi  ac  totis  Volcanum  spargere  tectis. 

id  vero  horrendum  ac  visu  mirabile  f  erri : 

namque  fore  inlustrem  fama  fatisque  canebant 

ipsam,  sed  populo  magnum  portendere  bellum. 


1.  miro  properabat  amore,  loas  zealously  urging.  3.  penetrali- 
bus, inner  court.  4.  sacra  comam,  of  sacred  foliage.  8.  summum 
.  .  .  apicem,  the  very  top.  8.  densae  .  . .  vectae,  sioanning.  10.  nexis, 
intertwining.  11.  examen,  the  swarm.  12.  vates,  soothsayer. 
12.  cernimus,  I  see.  13.  easdem  .  .  .  isdem,  i.e.  as  the  bees.  14.  do- 
minarier =  dominari.  15.  castis  adolet .  .  .  taedis,  sets  fire  to  .  .  . 
loith  the  holy  torch.  17.  comprendere,  catch.  18.  ornatum,  gar- 
ments. 20.  fumida,  smoking.  22.  ferri,  is  reported.  23.  canebant, 
all  prophesied. 


68-362.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  3 

Latinus  has  consulted  the  oracle  of  Faun  us :  a  foreigner  is  to  be 
his  son-in-law.  The  Trojan  wanderers  have  landed,  and  Latinus 
has  recognized  in  Aeneas  Lavinia's  foreordained  husband,  \n. 
81-307. 

Juno  perceiving  this  is  enraged  and  vows  vengeance,  vii.  308-319. 

Ast  ego,  magna  lovis  coiiiunx,  nil  linquere  inausum 
quae  potui  infelix,  quae  niemet  in  omnia  verti, 
vincor  ab  Aenea.     quod  si  mea  numina  non  sunt 
magna   satis,   dubitem    hand    equidem    implorare    quod 

usquam  est. 
flectere  si  nequeo  superos,  Acheronta  movebo.  5 

non  dabitur  regnis,  esto,  prohibere  Latinis 
atque  immota  manet  fatis  Lavinia  coniunx : 
at  trahere  atque  moras  tantis  licet  addere  rebus, 
at  licet  amboi'uni  populos  exscindere  regum. 
liac  gener  atque  socer  coeant  mercede  suorum.  10 

sanguine  Troiano  et  liutulo  dotabere,  virgo, 
et  Bellona  manet  te  pronuba. 

Juno  summons  the  Fury  Alecto  from  the  lower  world  and  sends  her 
to  instil  her  poison  into  Amata,  wife  of  Latinus,  vii.  320-358. 

Aniata,  under  the  Fin'y''s  influence,  addresses  Latinus,  vii.  359-372. 

*  Exsulibusne  datur  ducenda  Lavinia  Teucris, 

o  genitor  ?  nee  te  miseret  nataeque  tuique  ? 

nee  matris  miseret,  quam  primo  aquilone  relinquet         15 

perfidus  alta  petens  abducta  virgine  praedo  ? 


1.  inausum,  untried.  2.  quae,  ivho.  fi.  non  dabitur,  I  shall  not 
be  able.  10.  coeant,  of/ree.  10.  mercede,  p?'irr.  ii.  dotabere,  be 
dowered.  12.  Bellona,  sister  of  Mars.  12.  pronuba,  bride.smaid. 
1').  primo  aquilone,  at  the  Jirst  breeze.  10.  praedo,  robber,  adven- 
turer. 


4  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  VII. 

an  non  sic  Phrygius  penetrat  Lacedaemona  pastor 

Ledaeanique  Helenam  Troianas  vexit  ad  urbes  ? 

quid  tua  sancta  fides  ?  quid  cura  antiqua  tuorum 

et  consanguineo  totiens  data  dextera  Turno  ? 

si  gener  externa  petitur  de  gente  Latinis  5 

idque  sedet  Faunique  premunt  te  iussa  parentis, 

omnem  equidem  sceptris  terrain  quae  libera  nostris 

dissidet,  externam  reor  et  sic  dicere  divos. 

et  Turno,  si  prima  domus  repetatur  origo, 

Inachus  Acrisiusque  patres  mediaeque  Mycenae/  lo 

Latinus  is   unmoved,  and   Amata,  still    under  the  influence  oj 
Alecto,  simulates  a  Bacchic  frenzy,  vii.  373-403. 

His  ubi  nequiquam  dictis  experta  Latinum 
contra  stare  videt  penitusque  in  viscera  lapsum 
serpentis  furiale  malum  totamque  pererrat, 
tum  vero  infelix,  ingentibus  excita  monstris, 
immensam  sine  more  furit  lymphata  per  urbem.  15 

ceu  quondam  torto  volitans  sub  verbere  turbo, 
quem  pueri  magno  in  gyro  vacua  atria  circum 
intenti  ludo  exercent  (ille  actus  habena 
curvatis  fertur  spatiis,  stupet  inscia  supra 
impubesque  manus,  mirata  volubile  buxum,  20 

dant  animos  plagae),  non  cursu  segnior  illo 

1.  Phrygius  pastor,  Paris.  4.  dextera,  promise.  6.  sedet,  w  se^ 
tied.  G.  Fauni  .  .  .  parentis,  Faunus,  grandson  of  Saturn.  7.  libera 
.  .  .  dissidet,  lies  free  from.  10.  Inachus  Acrisiusque,  mythical  kings 
of  Argos.  13.  serpentis  furiale  malum,  dread  poison  of  the  serpent. 
15.  lymphata,  frenzied.  IG.  ceu,  just  as,  like.  16.  torto  .  .  .  sub 
verbere,  under  a  lohirling  blow.    IG.  turbo,  top.    17.   gyro,  ring. 

18.  habena,   lash.    19.  stupet  .  .  .  supra,  stands  over  it  astonished. 

19.  inscia  .  .  .  impubesque  manus,  ignorant  youthful  crowd.    20.  bu- 
xum, 6oa:u)ood  (?op) .    21.  plagae,  bZoios. 


;^z 


363-414.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  5 

per  medias  urbes  agitur  populosque  feroces. 

quin  etiam  in  silvas,  simulato  niimine  Bacchi, 

maius  adorta  nefas  maioremque  orsa  furorem, 

evolat  et  iiatam  frondosis  montibus  abdit, 

quo  thalamum  eripiat  Teucris  taedasque  moreturj  5 

<  Euhoe  Bacche '  f  remens,  solum  te  virgine  dignum  X 

vociferans ;  etenim  mollis  tibi  sumere  thyrsos, 

te  lustrare  choro,  sacrum  tibi  pascere  crinem. 

fama  volat,  furiisque  accensas  pectore  matres 

idem  omnis  simul  ardor  agit  nova  quaerere  tecta.  lo 

deseruere  domos,  ventis  dant  colla  comasque ; 

ast  aliae  tremulis  ululatibus  aethera  complent 

pampineasque  gerunt  incinctae  pellibus  hastas. 

ipsa  inter  medias  flagrantem  fervida  pinum 

sustinet  ac  natae  Turnique  canit  hymenaeos,  15 

sanguineam  torquens  aciem,  torvumque  repente 

clamat  '  lo  matres,  audite,  ubi  quaeque,  Latinae : 

si  qua  piis  animis  manet  infelicis  Amatae 

gratia,  si  iuris  materni  cura  remordet, 

solvite  crinalis  vittas,  capita  orgia  mecum/  20 

Alecto  next  arouses  Turnus,  who  is  lying  asleep  in  his  palace  at 
Ardea,  vii.  413-474. 

Tectis  hie  Turnus  in  altis 
iam  mediam  nigra  carpebat  nocte  quietem. 

1.  agitur,  (Amata)  rushes.  3.  orsa,  beyinning.  4.  natam,  La- 
vinia.  ">.  quo,  in  order  that.  5.  thalamum,  bridal  bed.  5.  taedas, 
torch  {marriage).  7.  mollis  .  .  .  thyrsos,  pliant  Bacchic  .staff. 
8.  lustrare  choro,  encircle  in  the  dance.  8.  pascere  crinem,  tears 
her  hair.  13.  pampineas  .  .  .  hastas,  upears  tvound  icith  vine  leaves. 
13.  incinctae,  girded.  15.  hymenaeos,  marriage  hymn.  1(5.  aciem, 
eyes.  IG,  lory xaa,  fiercely.  19.  remordiQl,  disturbs.  20.  crinalis,  adj. 
from  crinis.    21.  hie,  Ardea,  in  Latium,  the  capital  of  the  Rutulians. 


6  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  VII. 

Allecto  torvam  faciem  et  furialia  membra 

exuit ;  in  vultus  sese  transformat  aniles 

et  frontem  obscenam  rugis  arat ;  induit  albos 

cum  vitta  crinis ;  tum  ramum  innectit  olivae ; 

fit  Calybe  lunonis  anus  templique  sacerdos  5 

et  iuveni  ante  oculos  his  se  cum  vocibus  offert : 

^  Turne,  tot  incassum  f usos  patiere  labores, 

et  tua  Dardaniis  transcribi  sceptra  colonis  ? 

rex  tibi  coniugium  et  quaesitas  sanguine  dotes 

abnegat  externusque  in  regnum  quaeritur  heres.  10 

i  nunc,  ingratis  offer  te,  inrise,  periclis ; 

Tyrrhenas,  i,  sterne  acies,  tege  pace  Latinos. 

haec  adeo  tibi  me,  placida  cum  nocte  iaceres, 

ipsa  palam  fari  omnipotens  Saturnia  iussit. 

quare  age  et  armari  pubem  portisque  moveri  15 

laetus  in  arma  iube  et  Phrygios  qui  flumine  pulchro 

consedere  duces  pictasque  exure  carinas. 

caelestum  vis  magna  iubet.     rex  ipse  Latinus, 

ni  dare  coniugium  et  dicto  parere  fatetur, 

sentiat  et  tandem  Turnum  experiatur  in  armis.'  20 

Hie  iuvenis,  vatem  inridens,  sic  orsa  vicissim 
ore  ref ert :  ^  classis  invectas  Thybridis  undam 
non,  ut  rere,  meas  effugit  nuntius  auris. 
ne  tantos  mihi  finge  metus ;  nee  regia  luno 
immemor  est  nostri.  25 

sed  te  victa  situ  verique  effeta  senectus, 

1.  furialia  membra, /orm  o/ a  Fw7-?/.  2.  exuit,  Za id  aside.  2.  ani- 
les, old  woman's.  3.  rugis,  wrinkles.  5.  Calybe,  priestess  of  Juno 
among  the  Rutuliaus.  5.  anus,  an  old  woman.  7.  incassum,  in 
vain.  9.  dotea,  down/.  11.  inrise,  thou  laughing-stock.  21.  vatem, 
prophetess.  22.  classis  invectas,  that  a  fleet  has  entered.  23.  rere  = 
rens.  26.  victa  situ  verique  effeta  senectus,  old  age,  conquered  by 
idleness  and  incapacitated  for  truth. 


415-467.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  7 

o  mater,  curis  nequiquam  exercet  et  arma 
regiim  inter  falsa  vatem  formidine  ludit. 
cura  tibi  divum  effigies  et  templa  tiieri ; 
bella  viri  pacemque  gerent,  quis  bella  gerenda.y 

Talibus  Allecto  dictis  exarsit  in  iras.  5 

at  iuveni  oranti  subitus  tremor  occupat  artiis, 
deriguere  oculi :  tot  Erinys  sibilat  hydris 
tantaque  se  facies  aperit.     turn  flammea  torquens 
lumina  cunctantem  et  quaerentem  dicere  plura 
reppulit  et  geminos  erexit  crinibus  anguis  10 

verberaque  insonuit  rabidoque  haec  addidit  ore : 
^  en  ego  victa  situ,  quam  veri  effeta  senectus 
Arma  inter  regum  falsa  formidine  ludit. 
respice  ad  haec :  adsum  dirarum  ab  sede  sororum, 
bella  manu  letumque  gero.'  15 

sic  effata  facem  iuveni  coniecit  et  atro 
lumine  fumantis  fixit  sub  pectore  taedas. 
olli  somnum  ingens  rumpit  pavor  ossaque  et  artus 
perfudit  toto  proruptus  corpore  sudor, 
arma  amens  fremit,  arma  toro  tectisque  requirit,  20 

saevit  amor  ferri  et  scelerata  insania  belli, 
ira  super :  magno  veluti  cum  flamma  sonore 
virgea  suggeritur  costis  undantis  aeni 
exsultantque  aestu  latices,  furit  intus  aquai 
fumidus  atque  alte  spumis  exuberat  amnis,  25 

nee  iam  se  capit  unda,  volat  vapor  ater  ad  auras, 
ergo  iter  ad  regem  polluta  pace  Latinum 

4.  qma  =  quibus.  7.  EriajB,  the  Fitnj.  11.  verberaque  insonuit, 
cracked  her  whip.  Kl.  facem,  Jire-hrand.  20.  fremit,  calls  for. 
20.  toro,  couch.  22.  flamma  virgea,  brush-wood  fire.  23.  suggeri- 
tur, is  placed  under.  23.  costis  undantis  aeni,  sides  of  a  swinging 
vessel.  24.  latices,  water.  24.  aquai  —  aquae.  25.  spumis,  foam. 
25.  exuberat,  oversows.    27.  TpoUuta. -ps^ce,  peace  having  been  violated. 


8  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  VII. 

indicit  primis  iuvenum  et  iubet  arma  parari, 

tutari  Italiam,  detrudere  finibus  hostem ; 

se  satis  ambobus  Teucrisque  venire  Latinisque. 

haec  ubi  dicta  dedit  divosque  in  vota  vocavit, 

certatim  sese  Eutuli  exhortantur  in  arma.  5 

hunc  decus  egregium  formae  movet  atque  iuventae, 

hunc  atavi  reges,  hunc  Claris  dextera  factis. 


Through  Alecto's  agency  strife  arises  between  a  band  of  Trojans 
and  rustic  Italians ;  Ascanius,  while  hunting,  has  wounded  a  pet 
deer  belonging  to  the  daughter  of  a  wealthy  Ausonian  nobleman. 
The  struggle  is  now  no  longer  between  a  band  of  rustics  and  hunts- 
men, for  all  the  shepherds  are  gathered  and  Turnus  is  there  to  lead, 
VII.  475-576. 

Turnus  exhorts,  the  Bacchants  rage,  and  Latinus  withdraws  from 
the  struggle,  vii.  577-600. 

Turnus  adest  medioque  in  crimine  caedis  et  igni 

terrorem  ingeminat :  Teucros  in  regna  vocari, 

stirpem  admisceri  Phrygiam,  se  limine  pelli.  lo 

tum,  quorum  attonitae  Baccho  nemora  avia  matres 

insultant  thiasis  (neque  enim  leve  nomen  Aniatae) 

undique  collecti  coeunt  Martemque  fatigant. 

ilicet  infandum  cuncti  contra  omina  bellum, 

contra  fata  deum,  perverso  numine  poscunt.  15 

certatim  regis  circumstant  tecta  Latini : 

ille  velut  pelagi  rupes  immota  resistit, 

ut  pelagi  rupes  magno  veniente  fragore, 

3.  satis,  equal  to.  5.  certatim,  eagerly.  6.  hunc  .  .  .  hunc,  this 
one  .  .  .  another.  8.  medioque  in  crimine  caedis,  in  the  midst  of  the 
cry  of  death.  10.  limine,  the  threshold  (of  Latinus's  palace).  11.  quo- 
rum, so.  vi7'i  as  antecedent.  11.  attonitae,  inspired.  12.  thiasis, 
Bacchic  dance.    14.  ilicet,  foi^thicith. 


468-691.]  THE   STORY   OF   TURNUS.  9 

quae  sese,  multis  circiim  latrantibus  undis, 

mole  tenet ;  scopuli  nequiquam  et  spumea  circum 

saxa  freraunt  laterique  inlisa  refunditur  alga. 

venim  ubi  nulla  datur  caecum  exsuperare  potestas 

consilium  et  saevae  nutu  lunonis  eunt  res,  5 

multa  deos  aurasque  pater  testatus  inanis 

'  f rangimur  heu  f atis '  inquit  '  ferimurque  procella. 

ipsi  has  sacrilego  pendetis  sanguine  poenas, 

o  miseri.     te,  Turne,  nefas,  te  triste  manebit 

supplicium  votisque  deos  venerabere  seris.  10 

nam  mihi  parta  quies,  omnisque  in  limine  portus ; 

funere  felici  spolior.'     nee  plura  locutus 

saepsit  se  tectis  rerumque  reliquit  habenas. 

War  is  declared  and  the  Italian  forces  make  ready  for  the  fight. 
Prominent  in  the  lists  appear  Mezentius,  Lausus,  Messapus, 
Turnus,  and  Camilla,  vii.  647-654  ;  691-694 ;  783-817. 

Primus  init  bellum  Tyrrhenis  asper  ab  oris 
contemptor  divum  Mezentius  agminaque  armat.  15 

filius  huic  iuxta  Lausus,  quo  pulchrior  alter 
non  fuit,  excepto  Laurentis  corpore  Turni, 
Lausus,  equum  domitor  debellatorque  ferarum, 
ducit  Agyllina  nequiquam  ex  urbe  secutos 
mille  viros,  dignus,  patriis  qui  laetior  esset  20 

imperils  et  cui  pater  baud  Mezentius  esset. 

At  Messapus,  equum  domitor,  Neptunia  proles, 

2.  mole,  by  its  loeight.  3.  laterique  inlisa  refunditur  alga,  the 
sea-weed  tossed  up  on  the  side  is  swept  aioay.  5,  nutu,  nod.  0.  pater, 
'Latinus.  7.  procella,  storm,  disaster.  8.  pendetis  .  .  .  poenas,  pay 
the  penalty.  10.  seris,  too  late.  11.  omnisque  in  limine  portus,  my 
only  harbor  is  over  my  own  threshold.  18.  debellator,  (•oiiqueror. 
19.  Agyllina  ...  ex  urbe,  a  town  of  Etruria.  21.  cui  pater  baud 
Mezentius,  xoorthy  of  not  having  Mezentius  for  his  father. 


10  VERGILI   AENEIS.      [Books  VIL,  VIII. 

quern  neque  fas  igni  cuiquam  nee  sternere  ferro, 
iam  pridem  resides  populos  desuetaque  bello 
agmina  in  anna  vocat  subito  ferrumque  retractat.  Jx, 

Ipse  inter  primos  praestanti  corpore  Turnus 
vertitur  arma  tenens  et  toto  vertice  supra  est.  5 

cui  triplici  crinita  iuba  galea  alta  Chimaeram 
sustinet,  Aetnaeos  efflantem  f aucibus  ignis ; 
tain  magis  ilia  fremens  et  tristibus  effera  flammis, 
quam  magis  effuso  crudescunt  sanguine  pugnae. 
at  levem  clipeum  sublatis  cornibus  lo  10 

auro  insignibatj  iam  saetis  obsita,  iam  bos, 
(argumentum  in  gens),  et  custos  virginis  Argus 
caelataque  amnem  fundens  pater  Inachus  urna. 
insequitur  nimbus  peditum  clipeataque  totis 
agmina  densentur  campis,  Argivaque  pubes  15 

Auruncaeque  manus,  Kutuli  veteresque  Sicani 
et  Sacranae  acies  et  picti  scuta  Labici ; 
qui  saltus,  Tiberine,  tuos  sacrum  que  Numici 
litus  arant  Rutulosque  exercent  vomere  colles 
Circaeumque  iugum,  quis  luppiter  Anxurus  arvis  20 

praesidet  et  viridi  gaudens  Feronia  luco ; 
qua  Saturae  iacet  atra  pal  us  gelidlisque  per  imas 
quaerit  iter  valles  atque  in  mare  conditur  Ufens. 

Hos  super  advenit  Volsca  de  gente  Camilla, 
agmen  agens  equitum  et  florentis  aere  catervas,  25 

bellatrix,  non  ilia  colo  calathisve  Minervae 


2.  resides,  idle.  6.  crinita,  long-haired.  6,  iuba,  crest.  7.  ef- 
flantem, breathing  forth.  8.  effera  (Chimaera),  fierce.  9.  crude- 
scunt, increase  in  violence.  11.  insignibat,  adorned.  11.  saetis 
obsita,  covered  with  coarse  hair.  12.  argumentum,  subject.  13.  cae- 
lata,  engraved.  19.  vomere,  ploughshare.  20.  quis  =  qu'ibus. 
23.  Ufens,  a  river  in  Latium.  25.  catervas,  bands.  26.  colo  cala- 
thisve, distaff  or  basket. 


602-817,1-11.]      THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS.  11 

femineas  adsueta  manus,  sed  proelia  virgo 

dura  pati  cursiique  pedum  praevertere  ventos. 

ilia  vel  intactae  segetis  per  summa  volaret 

gramina  nee  teneras  cursu  laesisset  aristas, 

vel  mare  per  medium  fluctu  suspensa  tumenti  5 

ferret  iter  celeris  nee  tingeret  aequore  plantas. 

illam  omnis  tectis  agrisque  effusa  inventus 

turbaque  miratur  matrum  et  prospectat  euntem, 

attonitis  inhians  animis,  ut  regius  ostro 

velet  lionos  levis  umeros,  ut  fibula  crinem  10 

auro  internectat,  Lyciam  ut  gerat  ipsa  pharetram 

et  pastoralem  praefixa  cuspide  myrtum.  ^ 

Turnus  assumes  command,  and  an  embassador  is  sent  to  Diomedc 
to  engage  his  services  against  Aeneas,  his  old-time  foe,  viii.  1-17. 

Ut  belli  signum  Laurenti  Turnus  ab  arce 

extulit  et  rauco  strepuerunt  cornu^a  cantu, 

utque  acris  concussit  equos  utque  impulit  arma,  15 

extemplo  turbati  animi,  simul  omne  tumultu 

coniurat  trepido  Latium  saevitque  inventus 

effera.     ductores  primi  Messapus  et  Ufens 

contemptorque  deum  Mezentins  undique  cogunt 

auxilia  et  latos  vastant  cultoribus  agros.  20 

mittitur  et  magni  Venulus  Diomedis  ad  urbem, 

qui  petat  auxilium  et  Latio  consistere  Teucros, 

advectum  Aenean  classi  victosque  penatis 

2.  praevertere,  outspeeds.  4.  gramina,  blades.  4.  laesisset, 
harm.  4.  aristas,  ears.  (>.  plantas, /ee^  !».  regius  ostro  .  .  .  lionos, 
i.e.  royal  purple.  10.  fibula,  dasp.  11.  internectat,  &«/if/6-.  12.  prae- 
fixa cuspide,  loith  pointed  tip.  12.  myrtum,  spear  of  myrtle  wood. 
i;5.  Laurenti,  I^urentum,  a  town  in  Latium  in  Turnus'  territory. 
15.  concussit,  urr/ed  on.  20.  vastant  cultoribus,  dispeople  (Con.). 
21.  urbem,  in  Apulia. 


12  VERGILI  AENEIS.         [Books  VIII. ,  IX. 

inferre  et  fatis  regem  se  dicere  posci 
^     edoceat,  multasque  viro  se  adiungere  gentis 
Dardanio  et  late  Latio  increbrescere  nomen. 
qiiid  struat  his  coeptis,  quern,  si  Fortuna  sequatur, 
eventum  pugnae  cupiat,  manifestius  ipsi,  5 

quam  Turno  regi  aut  regi  apparere  Latino. 


At  the  same  time  Aeneas,  leaving  his  followers  encamped  on  the 
Tiber,  has  gone  up  the  river  to  Evander's  settlement  on  the 
Palatine,  to  gain  his  aid  against  the  Latins,  viii.  18-781. 

Whereupon  Juno  sends  Iris  to  Turnus  to  urge  him  to  attack  the 
Trojans  in  the  absence  of  their  leader^  ix.  1-24. 

Atque  ea  divers  a  penitus  dum  parte  geruntur, 
Irim  de  cafelo  mi  sit  Saturnia  luno 
audacem  ad  Turnum.     luco  turn  forte  parentis 
Pilumni  Turnus  sacrata  valle  sedebat.  10 

ad  quern  sic  roseo  Thaumantias  ore  locuta  est  : 
'  Turne,  quod  optanti  divum  promittere  nemo 
auderet,  volvenda  dies  en  attulit  ultro. 
Aeneas  urbe  et  sociis  et  classe  relicta 
sceptra  Palatini  sedemque  petit  Euandri.  15 

nee  satis :  extremas  Corythi  penetravit  ad  urbes 
Lydorumque  manum  collectos  armat  agrestis. 
quid  dubitas  ?  nunc  tempus  equos,  nunc  poscere  currus. 
rumpe  moras  omnis  et  turbata  arripe  castra.' 
dixit  et  in  caelum  paribus  se  sustulit  alis  20 

3.  increbrescere,  is  spreading.  4.  struat,  contrives.  7.  penitus 
(with  diversa) ,  entirely.  10.  Pilumni,  Pilumnus  was  an  Italian  deity, 
son  of  Daunus.  Turnus  claims  descent  from  the  gods,  even  as  Aeneas. 
11.  Thaumantias,  Iris.  13.  en,  behold.  IG.  Corythi  (Cortona), 
Etruria.  17.  Lydorum,  Lydians  were  supposed  to  have  settled 
Etruria,    17.    a^estis,    in    apposition    with    manum. 


12-17,  1-39.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  13 

ingentemque  fuga  secuit  sub  nubibus  arcum. 

agnovit  iiivenis  duplicisque  ad  sidera  palmas 

sustulit  ac  tali  fugientem  est  voce  secutus : 

^  Iri,  decus  caeli,  quis  te  mihi  nubibus  actam 

detulit  in  terras  ?  unde  liaec  tarn  clara  repente  5 

tempestas  ?  medium  video  disceder^  caelum        <yy^ 

palantisque  polo  stellas.     sequor  omina  tanta, 

quisquis  in  arma  vocas.'     et  sic  effatus  ad  undam 

processit  summoque  hausit  de  gurgite  lymphas, 

multa  deos  orans,  oneravitque  aethera  votis.  10 

The  Latins  hasten  to  the  attack.    The  Trojans  keep  within  their 
fortifications  as  Aeneas  has  bidden  them,  ix.  25-75. 

lamque  omnis  campis  exercitus  ibat  apertis, 
dives  equum,  dives  pictai  vestis  et  auri 
(Messapus  primas  acies,  postrema  coercent 
Tyrrhidae  iuvenes,  medio  dux  agmine  Turnus), 
ceu  septem  surgens  sedatis  amnibus  altus  15 

per  tacitum  Ganges,  aut  pingui  flumine  Nilus 
cum  refluit  campis  et  iam  se  condidit  alveo. 
hie  subitam  nigro  glomerari  pulvere  nubem 
prospiciunt  Teucri  ac  tenebras  insurgei^  campis. 
primus  ab  adversa  conclamat  mole  Caicus  20 

'Quis  globus,  o  cives,  caligine  volvitur  atra! 
ferte  citi  ferrum,  date  tela,  ascendite  muros, 
hostis  adest,  heia ! '  ingenti  clamore  per  omnis 
condunt  se  Teucri  portas  et  moenia  complent. 
namque  ita  discedens  praeceperat  optimus  armis  25 

7.  palajitiB,  St raj/ing.  12.  pictai  (gen.), emftroidererf.  14.  Tyrrhi- 
dae, sons  of  the  man  whose  pet  deer  Ascanius  had  unwittingly  slain. 
15.  sedatis,  tranquil.  17.  alveo,  bed,  channel.  20.  mole,  fortifica- 
tion.   21.  czlx^ne,  darkness.    24.  con^xml  Be,  station  themselves. 


14  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  IX. 

Aeneas,  si  qua  interea  fortuna  fuisset, 

neu  struere  auderent  aciem  neu  credere  campo ; 

castra  modo  et  tutos  servarent  aggere  muros. 

ergo  etsi  conferre  manum  pudor  iraque  monstrat, 

obiciunt  portas  tamen  et  praecepta  facessunt  5 

armatique  cavis  exspectant  turribus  liostem. 

Turnus,  ut  ante  volans  tardum  praecesserat  agmen, 

viginti  lectis  equitum  comitatus,  et  urbi 

improvisus  adest :  maculis  quern  Thracius  albis 

portat  equus  cristaque  tegit  galea  aurea  rubra.  10 

'  Ecquis  erit,  mecum,  iuvenes,  qui  primus  in  hostem  ? 

en '  ait  et  iaculum  attorquens  emittit  in  auras, 

principium  pugnae,  et  campo  sese  arduus  infert. 

clamore  excipiunt  socii  fremituque  sequuntur 

horrisono ;  Teucrum  mirantur  inertia  corda,  15 

non  aequo  dare  se  campo,  non  obvia  ferre 

arma  viros,  sed  castra  fovere.     hue  turbidus  atque  hue 

lustrat  equo  muros  aditumque  per  avia  quaerit. 

ac  veluti  pleno  lupus  insidiatus  ovili 

cum  fremit  ad  caulas,  ventos  perpessus  et  imbres,  20 

nocte  super  media ;  tuti  sub  matribus  agni 

balatum  exercent ;  ille  asper  et  improbus  ira 

saevit  in  absentis  ;  collecta  f  atigat  edendi 

ex  longo  rabies  et  siccae  sanguine  fauces : 

hand  aliter  Rutulo  muros  et  castra  tuenti  25 

ignescunt  irae,  duris  dolor  ossibus  ardet. 

qua  temptet  ratione  aditus  et  quae  via  clausos 

excutiat  Teucros  vallo  atque  effundat  in  aequum  ? 


9.  maculis,  spots.  10.  rubra,  red.  13.  arduus,  on  horse-hack. 
18.  lustrat,  surveys.  19.  insidiatus,  lying  in  vmit.  19.  ovili,  sheep- 
fold.  20.  caulas,  pen.  20.  perpessus,  enc^wrm^r.  22.  balatum,  ft^ea^ 
ing.    25.  Rutulo,  Turnus.    28.  in  aequum,  upon  the  plain. 


40-02.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  15 

7  classem,  quae  lateri  castrorum  adiuncta  latebat, 
aggeribus  saeptam  circum  et  fluvialibus  uiidis, 
invadit  sociosque  incendia  poscit  ovantis 
atque  manum  pinu  flagranti  fervidus  implet. 
turn  vero  incumbunt  (urget  praesentia  Tiirni)  6 

atque  omnis  facibus  pubes  accingitur  atris. 
diripuere  focos ;  piceum  f ert  fumida  lumen 
taeda  et  commixtam  Volcanus  ad  astra  favillam. 


The  Trojan  ships  are  transformed  into  dolphins,  ix.  76-120. 

Quis  deus,  o  musae,  tarn  saeva  incendia  Teucris 
avertit  ?  tantos  ratibus  quis  depulit  ignis  ?  10 

dicite.     prisca  fides  facto,  sed  fama  perennis. 
tempore  quo  primum  Phrygia  formabat  in  Ida 
Aeneas  classem  et  pelagi  petere  alta  parabat, 
ipsa  deum  fertur  genetrix  Berecyntia  magnum 
vocibus  his  adfata  lovem :  ^  Da,  nate,  petenti,  15 

quod  tua  cara  parens  domito  te  poscit  Olympo. 
pinea  silva  mihi,  multos  dilecta  per  annos, 
lucus  in  arce  f uit  summa,  quo  sacra  ferebant, 
nigranti  picea  trabibusque  obscurus  acernis  : 
has  ego  Dardanio  iuveni,  cum  classis  egeret,  20 

laeta  dedi ;  nunc  sollicitam  timor  anxius  angit. 
solve  metus  atque  hoc  precibus  sine  posse  parentem, 
neu  cursu  quassatae  ullo  neu  turbine  venti 
vincantur ;  prosit  nostris  in  montibus  ortas/ 
filius  huic  contra,  torquet  qui  sidera  mundi :  25 


2.  saeptam  circum.  enclosed.  3.  ovantis,  exultinq.  5.  incum- 
bunt, fall  to.  (5.  accingitur,  is  armed  with.  7.  focos,  altar-fires. 
14.  Berecyntia,  Cybele,  from  Mt.  Berecyiitus  in  Phrygia.  19.  picea, 
pitch-pine.    1\).  acernis,  maple.    20.  iuveni,  Aeneas. 


16  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  IX. 

'  0  genetrix,  quo  fata  vocas  ?  aut  quid  petis  istis  ? 

mortaline  manu  factae  immorta'"e  carinae 

fas  habeant  certusque  incerta  pericula  lustret 

Aeneas  ?  cui  tanta  deo  permissa  potestas  ? 

immo  ubi  defunctae  finem  portusque  tenebunt  5 

Ausonios  olim,  quaecumque  evaserit  undis 

Dardaniumque  ducem  Laurentia  vexerit  arva, 

mortal  em  eripiam  formam  magnique  iubebo 

aequoris  esse  deas,  qualis  Nereia  Doto 

et  Galatea  secant  spumantem  pectore  pontum/  lo 

dixerat,  idque  ratum  Stygii  per  flumina  fratris, 

per  pice  torrentis  atraque  voragine  ripas 

adnuit  et  totuni  nutu  tremefecit  Olympum. 

Ergo  aderat  promissa  dies  et  tempora  Parcae 
debita  complerant,  cum  Turni  iniuria  Matrem  15 

admonuit  ratibus  sacris  depellere  taedas. 
hie  primum  nova  lux  oculis  offulsit  et  ingens 
visus  ab  Aurora  caelum  transcurrere  nimbus 
Idaeique  chori ;  turn  vox  horrenda  per  auras 
excidit  et  Troum  Kutulorumque  agmina  complet :  20 

'  Ne  trepidate  meas,  Teucri,  def endere  navis, 
neve  armate  manus  :  maria  ante  exurere  Turno 
quam  sacras  dabitur  pinus.     vos  ite  solutae, 
ite  deae  pelagi ;  genetrix  iubet.'     et  sua  quaeque 
continuo  puppes  abrumpunt  vincula  ripis  25 

delphinumque  modo  demersis  aequora  rostris 
ima  petunt.     hinc  virgineae,  mirabile  monstrum, 
reddunt  se  totidem  facies  pontoque  feruntur. 

A- 

3.  lustret,  pass  through.  5.  defunctae,  having  finished  their 
journey.  11.  ratum,  unalterable.  Ki.  depellere,  ivaixl  off.  19.  Idae- 
ique chori,  Corybantes,  attendants  of  Cybele.    2G.  modo,  like. 


93-145.]  THE   STORY   OF   TURNUS.  17 

Turnus  is  undaunted  by  this  miracle  and  rallies  his  men  to  the 
attack,  IX.  121-165. 

Obstipuere  animis  Rutuli,  conterritus  ipse 
turbatis  Messapus  equis,  cunctatur  et  amnis 
rauca  sonans  revocatque  pedem  Tiberinus  ab  alto. 
at  non  audaci  Turno  fiducia  cessit ; 

ultro  aiiimos  tollit  dictis  atque  increpat  ultro  :  5 

*  Troiauos  liaec  monstra  petunt,  his  luppiter  ipse 
auxilium  solitum  eripuit,  non  tela  neque  ignes 
exspectant  Rutulos.     ergo  maria  invia  Teucris 
nee  spes  ulla  fugae  :  rerum  pars  altera  adempta  est, 
terra  autem  in  nostris  manibus ;  tot  milia,  gentes  10 

arma  ferunt  Italae.     nil  me  fatalia  terrent, 
si  qua  Phryges  prae  se  iactant,  responsa  deorum : 
sat  fatis  Venerique  datum,  tetigere  quod  arva 
fertilis  Ausoniae  Troes.     sunt  et  mea  contra 
fata  mihi,  ferro  sceleratara  exscindere  gentem,  15 

coniuge  praerepta,  nee  solos  tangit  Atridas 
iste  dolor  solisque  licet  capere  arma  Mycenis. 
"  Sed  periisse  semel  satis  est :  "  peccare  fuisset 
ante  satis,  penitus  modo  nunc  genus  omne  perosos 
femineum.     quibus  haec  medii  fiducia  valli  20 

fossarumque  niorae,  leti  discrimina  parva, 
dant  animos.     at  non  viderunt  moenia  Troiae 
Neptuni  fabricata  manu  considere  in  ignis  ? 
sed  vos,  o  lecti,  ferro  quis  scindere  vallum 
apparat  et  mecum  invadit  trepidantia  castra  ?  25 

4.  fiducia,  confidence.  9.  rerum  pars,  resource.  16.  coniuge, 
Lavinia.  IG.  Atridas,  Menelaus  and  Agamemnon.  18.  peccare,  to 
sin.  18.  fuisset  .  .  .  satis,  should  have  been  enough.  ID.  modo  nunc, 
from  that  time  on.  19.  perosos,  hating.  21.  fossarum,  trenches. 
21.  discrimina,  separation. 


18  VERGILI  AENEIS  [Book  IX. 

non  armis  mihi  Volcani,  non  mille  carinis 

est  opus  in  Teucros.     addant  se  protinus  omnes 

Etrusci  socios.     tenebras  et  inertia  f  urta 

[Palladii,  caesis  summae  custodibus  arcis,] 

ne  timeant,  nee  equi  caeca  condemur  in  alvo :  6 

luce  palam  certum  est  igni  circumdare  muros. 

baud  sibi  cum  Danais  rem  faxo  et  pube  Pelasga 

esse  putent,  decimum  quos  distulit  Hector  in  annum. 

nunc  adeo,  melior  quoniam  pars  acta  diei, 

quod  superest,  laeti  bene  gestis  corpora  rebus  10 

procurate,  viri,  et  pugnam  sperate  parari.' 

interea  vigilum  excubiis  obsidere  portas 

cura  datur  Messapo  et  moenia  cingere  flammis. 

bis  septem  Rutuli,  muros  qui  milite  servent, 

delecti ;  ast  illos  centeni  quemque  sequuntur  15 

purpurei  cristis  iuvenes  auroque  corusci. 

discurrunt  variantque  vices  fusique  per  herbam 

indulgent  vino  et  vertunt  crateras  aenos. 

conlucent  ignes,  noctem  custodia  ducit 

insomnem  ludo.  20 

The  Trojans  strengthen  their  defences,  and  pass  the  night  in 
watchfulness.     Nisus  and  Euryalus,  leaving  the  Trojan  camp,  make 
an  unsuccessful  attempt  to  break  through  the  Rutulian  line  to 
y^      warn  Aeneas.    Both  are  slain,  ix.  166-456. 

With  the  first  light  Turnus  calls  his  men  to  arms,  ix.  457-462. 

Et  iam  prima  novo  spargebat  lumine  terras 
Tithoni  croceum  linquens  Aurora  cubile ; 

1.  armis  .  .  .  Volcani,  the  armor  of  Aeneas  forged  by  Vulcan. 
4.  Falladii,  the  image  of  Pallas  stolen  by  Diomede  and  Ulysses  from 
the  citadel  of  Troy.  0.  luce,  to-morrow  at  daybreak.  7.  faxo,  the 
old  future.  12.  vigilum  excubiis,  relays  of  guards.  10.  corusci, 
flashing.    17.  variant  vices,  take  tarns. 


146-537.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  19 

iam  sole  iiifuso,  iani  rebus  luce  retectis, 
Turnus  in  anna  viros,  armis  circumdatus  ipse, 
suscitat,  aeratasque  acies  in  proelia  cogit 
quisque  suas  variisqu§  acuunt  rumoribus  iras. 

The  Trojans  are  horrified  at  the  news  of  the  death  of  Nisus  and 
Euryalus,  but  successfully  ward  off  from  the  walls  the  attacks  of 
the  Rutulians,  ix.  403-518. 

Mezentius,  Messapus,  and  Turnus  lead  the  besiegers,  the  latter 
especially  doing  valiant  deeds,  ix.  519-505. 

Parte  alia  horrendus  visu  quassabat  Etruscam  5 

pinum  et  fumiferos  infert  Mezentius  ignis ; 
at  Messapus  equum  domitor,  Neptunia  proles, 
rescindit  vallum  et  scalas  in  moenia  poscit. 

Vos,  o  Calliope,  precor,  aspirate  canenti, 
quas  ibi  turn  ferro  strages,  quae  funera  Turnus  ^^ 

ediderit,  quern  quisque  viruni  demiserit  Oreo, 
et  mecum  ingentis  oras  evolvite  belli. 

Turris  erat  vasto  suspectu  et  pontibus  altis, 
opportuna  loco,  sumrais  quam  viribus  omnes 
expugnare  Itali  summaque  evertere  opum  vi  16 

certabant,  Troes  contra  defendere  saxis 
perque  cavas  densi  tela  intorquere  fenestras, 
princeps  ardentem  coniecit  lampada  Turnus 
et  flammam  adfixit  lateri,  quae  plurima  vento 
corripuit  tabulas  et  postibus  haesit  adesis.  20 

turbati  trepidare  intus  frustraque  malorum 
velle  f  ugam.     dum  se  glomerant  retroque  residunt 
in  partem,  quae  peste  caret,  turn  pondere  turris 

8.  scalas,  ladders.  12.  oras,  outlines.  13,  suspectu,  heif/ht. 
l.'i.  pontibus.  galleries,  stories.  17.  fenestras,  loopholes.  20.  ta- 
bulas. boards.    20.   adesis,  calen  into. 


20  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  IX. 

procubuit  subito  et  caelum  tonat  omne  fragore. 

semineces  ad  terrain,  immani  mole  secuta, 

confixique  suis  telis  et  pectora  duro 

transfossi  ligno  veniunt.     vix  unus  Helenor 

et  Lycus  elapsi :  quorum  primaevus  Helenor,  5 

Maeonio  regi  quem  serva  Licymnia  furtim 

sustulerat  vetitisque  ad  Troiam  miserat  armis, 

ense  levis  nudo  parmaque  inglorius  alba. 

isque  ubi  se  Turni  media  inter  milia  vidit, 

hinc  acies  atque  hinc  acies  astare  Latinas,  lo 

ut  fera,  quae  densa  venantum  saepta  corona 

contra  tela  furit  seseque  baud  nescia  morti 

inicit  et  saltu  supra  venabula  fertur, 

baud  aliter  iuvenis  medios  moriturus  in  hostis 

inruit  et  qua  tela  videt  densissima  tendit.  15 

at  pedibus  longe  nielior  Lycus  inter  et  hostis 

inter  et  arma  fuga  muros  tenet  altaque  certat 

prendere  tecta  manu  sociumque  attingere  dextras. 

quem  Turnus  pariter  cursu  teloque  secutus 

increpat  his  victor :  ^  Nostrasne  evadere,  demens,  20 

sperasti  te  posse  manus  ? '  simul  arripit  ipsum 

pendentem  et  magna  muri  cum  parte  revellit : 

qualis  ubi  aut  leporem  aut  candenti  corpore  cycnum 

sustulit  alta  petens  pedibus  lovis  armiger  uncis, 

quaesitum  aut  matri  multis  balatibus  agnum  25 

Martins  a  stabulis  rapuit  lupus,     undique, clamor 

tollitur :  invadunt  et  f ossas  aggere  complent ; 

ardentis  taedas  alii  ad  f astigia  iactant. 


2.  semineces,  half-dead.  4.  transfossi,  transfixed.  13.  venabula, 
hunting-spears.  23.  leporem,  hare.  23.  cycnum,  swan.  24.  lovis 
armiger,  the  armor-hearer  of  Jupiter,  i.e.  the  eagle.  28.  fastigia, 
roof. 


538-689.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  21 

The  strife  at  the  walls  goes  on.  Ascanius  has  done  great  deeds, 
but,  by  the  will  of  Apollo,  has  been  removed  from  the  conflict, 
IX.  566-668. 

Pandarus  and  Bitias^  two  Trojans  of  great  size  and  strength^  open 
one  of  the  gates  and  invite  the  Butulians  to  enter,  ix.  669-687. 

Pandarus  et  Bitias,  Idaeo  Alcanore  creti, 

quos  lovis  eduxit  luco  silvestris  laera, 

abietibus  iuvenes  patriis  et  montibiis  aequos, 

portam,  quae  ducis  imperio  comniissa,  recludunt, 

freti  animis,  ultroque  invitant  moenibus  hostem.  5 

ipsi  intus  dextra  ac  laeva  pro  turribus  astant, 

armati  ferro  et  cristis  capita  alta  corusci : 

quales  aeriae  liquentia  flumina  circum, 

sive  Padi  ripis,  Athesim  seu  propter  amoenum, 

consurgunt  geminae  quercus  intonsaque  caelo  10 

attollunt  capita  et  sublimi  vertice  nutant. 

inrumpunt  aditus  Rutuli  ut  videre  patentis. 

continuo  Quercens  et  pulcher  Aquiculus  armis 

et  praeceps  animi  Marus  et  Mavortius  Haemon 

agniinibus  totis  aut  versi  terga  dedere  15 

aut  ipso  portae  posuere  in  limine  vitam. 

turn  magis  increscunt  animis  discordibus  irae 

et  iam  collecti  Troes  glomerantur  eodem 

et  conferre  manum  et  procurrere  longius  audent. 

Turnus  now  comes  against  the  two  giants  and,  with  the  aid  of  Mars^ 
breaks  through  into  the  city  and  creates  a  panic,  ix.  688-758. 

Ductori  Turno,  diversa  in  parte  furenti  20 

turbantique  viros,  perfertur  nuntius,  hostem 

1.  creti,  sprung  from.  2.  silvestris  laera,  a  wood-nymph.  3.  abi- 
etibus, fir-trees.  H.  aSriae,  with  (jticreto^.  <>.  Athesim,  a  river  in 
upper  Italy.    9.  propter,  n-^ar.    10.  intonsa,  rough. 


22  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  IX. 

fervere  caede  nova  et  portas  praebere  patentis. 
deserit  inceptum  atque  immani  concitus  ira 
Dardaniam  ruit  ad  portam  fratresque  superbos. 
et  primum  Antiphaten  (is  enim  se  primus  agebat), 
Thebana  de  matre  nothum  Sarpedonis  alti,  5 

coniecto  sternit  iaculo ;  volat  Itala  cornus 
aera  per  tenerum  stomachoque  infixa  sub  altum 
pectus  abit,  reddit  specus  atri  vulneris  undam 
spumantem  et  fixo  ferrum  in  pulmone  tepescit. 
turn  Meropem  atque  Erymanta  manu,  turn  sternit  Aphid- 
num ;  10 

turn  Bitian  ardentem  oculis  animisque  frementem, 
non  iaculo,  neque  enim  iaculo  vitam  ille  dedisset, 
sed  magnum  stridens  contorta  phalarica  venit, 
fulminis  acta  modo,  quam  nee  duo  taurea  terga 
.        ^nec  duplici  squama  lorica  fidelis  et  auro  15 

•^  sustinuit :  conlapsa  ruunt  immania  membra, 

dat  tellus  gemitum  et  clipeum  super  intonat  ingens. 
talis  in  Euboico  Baiarum  litore  quondam 
saxea  pila  cadit,  magnis  quam  molibus  ante 
constructam  ponto  iaciunt,  sic  ilia  ruinam  20 

prona  trahit  penitusque  vadis  inlisa  recumbit ; 
miscent  se  maria  et  nigrae  attolluntur  harenae ; 
tum  sonitu  Prochyta  alta  tremit  durumque  cubile 
Inarime  lovis  imperils  imposta  Typhoeo.     -J,^ 

Hie  Mars  armipotens  animum  viresque  Latinis  25 

addidit  et  stimulos  acris  sub  pectore  vertit 

5.  nothum,  bastard.  G.  cornviB,  Javelin  of  cornel  ivood.  8.  specus, 
cavity.  9.  pulmone,  lungs.  13.  magnum,  greatly,  terribly.  13.  pha- 
larica, a  missile  weapon  wrapped  witli  blazing  tow.  15.  squama,  scales. 
18.  Euboico,  Baiae  was  settled  by  men  from  Euboea.  19.  pila,  stone  foun- 
dations. 21.  inliaa.,  dashed  upon.  21.  recumbit, //e.s.  23.  Prochyta 
and  Inarime,  islands  just  outside  Cumae.    24.  imposta  =  iniposita. 


690-743.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  23 

immisitqiie  Fugain  Teueris  atrumque  Timorem. 

undique  conveniuut,  quoniam  data  copia  pugnae, 

bellatorque  animo  deus  incidit. 

Pandarus,  ut  fuso  gernianum  corpore  cernit, 

et  quo  sit  fortima  loco,  qui  casus  agat  res,  5 

portam  vi  magna  converso  cardine  torquet, 

obnixus  latis  umeris,  multosque  suorum 

moenibus  exclusos  duro  in  certamine  linquit, 

ast  alios  secum  includit  recipitque  mentis, 

demens,  qui  Rutulum  in  medio  non  agmine  regem  10 

viderit  inrumpentem  ultroque  incluserit  urbi 

immanem  veluti  pecora  inter  inertia  tigrim. 

continuo  nova  lux  oculis  effulsit  et  arma 

horrendum  sonuere  ;  tremunt  in  vertice  cristae 

sanguineae  clipeoque  micantia  fulmina  mittit.  15 

agnoscunt  faciem  invisam  atque  immania  membra 

turbati  subito  Aeneadae.     tum  Pandarus  ingens 

emicat  et  mortis  fraternae  f ervidus  ira 

effatur  ^  Non  haec  dotalis  regia  Amatae, 

nee  muris  cohibet  patriis  media  Ardea  Turnum :  20 

castra  inimica  vides ;  nulla  hinc  exire  potestas.' 

olli  subridens  sedato  pectore  Turnus 

*  Incipe,  si  qua  animo  virtus,  et  consere  dextram : 

hie  etiam  inventum  Priamo  narrabis  Achillem.' 

dixerat.     ille  rudem  nodis  et  cortice  crudo  25 

in  torquet  summis  adnixus  viribus  hastam : 

excepere  aurae ;  vulnus  Saturnia  luno 

detorsit  veniens  portaeque  infigitur  hasta. 


5.  qvd,how.  6.  CBxdine,  hinge.  15.  mittit,  sc.  Pandarus.  18.  emi- 
cat, leaps  fonoard.  15).  reg^a,  palace.  2.*i.  consere  dextram,  join 
battle.  25.  rudem  nodis,  rough  with  knots.  25.  cortice  crudo, 
rough  hark.    28.   detorsit,  turned  aside. 


24  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  IX. 

^  At  non  hoc  teliim,  mea  quod  vi  dextera  versat, 

effugies ;  neque  enim  is  teli  nee  vulneris  auctor.' 

sie  ait  et  sublatum  alte  consurgit  in  ensem 

et  mediam  ferro  gemina  inter  tempora  frontem 

dividit  impubesque  immani  vulnere  malas.  5 

fit  sonus,  ingenti  concussa  est  pondere  tellus, 

conlapsos  artus  atque  arma  crnenta  cerebro 

sternit  humi  moriens  atque  illi  partibus  aequis 

hue  caput  atque  illuc  umero  ex  utroque  pependit. 

diffugiunt  versi  trepida  f ormidine  Troes,  10 

et,  si  continuo  victorem  ea  cura  subisset, 

rumpere  claustra  manu  sociosque  immittere  portis, 

ultimus  ille  dies  bello  gentique  f  uisset : 

sed  furor  ardentem  caedisque  insana  cupido 

egit  in  adversos.  15 

In  the  midst  of  the  havoc  caused  by  Turnus  (ix.  759-774),  Mnes- 
theus  and  Serestus  come  out  to  meet  Mm.  When  hard  pressed  by 
their  attack,  he  is  warned  by  Juno  to  yield,  and  flees  from  the  city, 
IX.  775-815. 

Tandem  ductores  audita  caede  suorum 
conveniunt  Teucri,  Mnestheus  acerque  Serestus, 
palantisque  vident  socios  hostemque  receptum. 
et  Mnestheus  '  quo  deinde  f  ugam,  quo  tenditis  ? '  inquit. 
^  quos  alios  muros,  quae  iam  ultra  moenia  habetis  ?         20 
unus  homo  et  vestris,  o  cives,  undique  saeptus 
aggeribus  tantas  strages  impune  per  urbem 
ediderit  ?  iuvenum  primos  tot  miserit  Oreo  ? 
non  infelicis  patriae  veterumque  deorum 

2.  is,  such.    5.  impubes  .  .  .  malas,  youthful  cheeks.    11.  subisset, 
Qccun^ed, 


744-802.]  THE  STORY   OF  TURNUS.  25 

et  magni  Aeneae,  segnes,  miseretque  pudetque  ? ' 

talibus  accensi  firmantur  et  agmine  denso 

consistunt.     Turnus  paulatim  excedere  pugna 

et  fluvium  petere  ac  partem,  quae  cingitur  unda. 

acrius  hoc  Teucri  clamore  incumbere  niagno  5 

et  glomerare  manum,  ceu  saevum  tiirba  leonem 

cum  telis  premit  infensis,  at  territus  ille, 

asper,  acerba  tuens,  retro  redit  et  neqiie  terga 

ira  dare  aut  virtus  patitur  nee  tendere  contra 

ille  quidem  hoc  cupiens  potis  est  per  tela  virosque :        lO 

hand  aliter  retro  dubius  vestigia  Turnus 

improperata  refert  et  mens  exaestuat  ira. 

quin  etiam  bis  turn  medios  invaserat  hostis, 

bis  conf  usa  f  uga  per  muros  agmina  vertit : 

sed  manus  e  castris  propere  coit  omnis  in  unum,  15 

nee  contra  vires  audet  Saturnia  luno 

sufficere  :  aeriam  caelo  nam  luppiter  Irim 

demisit,  germanae  hand  mollia  iussa  ferentem, 

ni  Turnus  cedat  Teucrorum  moenibus  altis. 

ergo  nee  clipeo  iuvenis  subsistere  tantum  20 

nee  dextra  valet :  iniectis  sic  undique  telis 

obruitur.     strepit  adsiduo  cava  tempora  circum 

tinnitu  galea  et  saxis  solida  aera  fatiscunt, 

discussaeque  iubae  capiti,  nee  sufficit  umbo 

ictibus,  ingeminant  hastis  et  Troes  et  ipse  25 

fulmineus  Mnestheus.     tum  toto  corpore  sudor 

liquitur  et  piceum  (nee  respirare  potestas) 

flumen  agit,  fessos  quatit  aeger  anhelitus  artus. 


1.  segues,  coxoards.  8.  acerba  tuens,  harshly  glowering.  12.  im- 
properata, halting,  lingering.  12.  exaestuat,  glows.  23.  tinnitu, 
rattling.  23.  fatiscunt,  falls  apart.  24.  discussae,  stHcken  of. 
24.  mnbo,  shield.    28.  anhelitus,  panting. 


26  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Books  IX.,  X. 

turn  demum  praeceps  saltu  sese  omnibus  armis 
in  fluvium  dedit ;  ille  suo  cum  gurgite  flavo 
accepit  venientem  ac  mollibus  extulit  undis 
et  laetum  sociis  abluta  caede  remisit.       y 


In  the  meantime  a  council  of  the  gods  has  been  held,  in  which 
Venus  plead  for  Aeneas  and  Juno  for  Turnus  ;  but  Jupiter  de- 
clined to  interfere.  As  Aeneas  is  returning  with  the  Etruscan 
and  Arcadian  auxiliaries,  at  whose  head  is  Pallas,  the  son  of 
Evander,  he  is  met  by  the  transformed  ships,  one  of  which 
prophesies  success  to  him  in  the  coming  struggle,  x.  1-275. 

Turnus  tries  to  prevent  Aeneas  from  landing^  and  the  battle  breaks 
out  afresh,  x.  276-289,  307-310. 

Hand  tamen  audaci  Turno  fiducia  cessit  5 

litora  praecipere  et  venientis  pellere  terra. 
^  Quod  votis  optastis,  adest,  perfringere  dextra. 
in  manibus  Mars  ipse,  viri.     nunc  coniugis  esto 
quisque  suae  tectique  mem  or,  nunc  magna  referto 
facta,  patrum  laudes.     ultro  occurramus  ad  undam,        10 
dum  trepidi  egressisque  labant  vestigia  prima, 
audentis  Fortuna  iuvat.' 
haec  ait  et  secum  versat,  quos  ducere  contra 
vel  quibus  obsessos  possit  concredere  muros. 

Interea  Aeneas  socios  de  puppibus  altis  15 

pontibus  exponit.     multi  servare  recursus 
languentis  pelagi  et  brevibus  se  credere  saltu, 
per  remos  alii. 

5.  cessit,  toithdraio  from,  desert.  6.  praecipere  (dependent  on 
fiducia) ,  pre-occupy .  11.  egressia,  to  those  layiding.  11.  labant,  are 
uncertain.  13.  secum  versat,  loonders.  14.  concredere,  entrust. 
16.  ''^ontWms,  gang  planks.  16.  recursxiz,  the  flowing  back.  17.  brevi- 
bus, shallow  places.    17.  saltu,  leap. 


812-815,1-454.]     THE   STOJIY   OF  TURNUS.  27 

Nec  Turniim  segnis  retinet  mora,  sed  rapit  acer 
totam  aciem  in  Teucros  et  contra  in  litore  sistit. 
signa  canunt.     primus  turmas  invasit  agrestis 
Aeneas,  omen  pugnae,  stravitque  Latinos. 


Aeneas  and  Turnus  fight  in  different  parts  of  the  field.  Lausus, 
the  son  of  Mezentius,  is  about  to  engage  Pallas,  the  son  of  Evan- 
der,  in  hand  to  hand  conflict  (x.  311-430),  when  Turnus  comes 
up  and  claims  the  privilege  of  fighting  Pallas,  x.  438-508. 

Interea  soror  alma  monet  succedere  Lauso  5 

Turnum,  qui  volucri  curru  medium  secat  agmen. 
ut  vidit  socios,  '  Tempus  desistere  pugnae ; 
solus  ego  in  Pallanta  feror,  soli  mihi  Pallas 
debetur;  cuperem  ipse  parens  spectator  adesset.' 
haec  ait,  et  socii  cesserunt  aequore  iusso.  10 

at  Kutulum  abscessu  iuvenis  tum,  iussa  superba 
miratus,  stupet  in  Turno  corpusque  per  ingens 
lumina  volvit  obitque  truci  procul  omnia  visu, 
talibus  et  dictis  it  contra  dicta  tyranni : 
*  Aut  spoliis  ego  iam  raptis  laudabor  opimis  16 

aut  leto  insigni ;  sorti  pater  aequus  utrique  est. 
tolle  minas.'     fatus  medium  procedit  in  aequor. 
frigidus  Arcadibus  coit  in  praecordia  sanguis, 
desiluit  Turnus  biiugis,  pedes  apparat  ire 
comminus ;  utque  leo,  specula  cum  vidit  ab  alta  20 

stare  procul  campis  meditantem  in  proelia  taurum, 

5.  soror,  the  nymph  Juturna,  sister  of  Turnus.  5.  succedere,  to 
take  the  place  of.  10.  aequore,  open  space.  11.  abscessu,  departure. 
12.  stupet  in  Tumo,  is  amazed  at  Turnus.  13.  obit,  scans,  examines. 
15.  opimiB,  richeM.  ID.  denHait,  leaped.  19.  pedes  (nom.  sing.),  on 
foot.  20.  comminus  (to  meet  him)  haiid  to  hand.  20.  specula, 
watching-place. 


28  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  X 

advolat,  hand  alia  est  Turni  venientis  imago.  \ 

hunc  ubi  contiguum  missae  fore  credidit  hastae, 

ire  prior  Pallas,  si  qua  fors  adiuvet  ausum 

viribus  imparibus,  magnumque  ita  ad  aethera  f atur : 

'  Per  patris  hospitium  et  mensas,  quas  adveiia  adisti,       5 

te  precor,  Aleide,  coeptis  iiigentibus  adsis. 

ceriiat  semineci  sibi  me  rapere  arma  cruenta 

victoremque  ferant  morientia  lumina  Turni.' 

audiit  Alcides  iuvenem  magnumque  sub  imo 

corde  premit  gemitum  lacrimasque  efPundit  inanis.  10 

tum  genitor  natum  dictis  adfatur  amicis : 

^  Stat  sua  cuique  dies,  breve  et  inreparabile  tempus 

omnibus  est  vitae ;  sed  f  amam  extendere  f  actis, 

hoc  virtutis  opus.     Troiae  sub  moenibus  altis 

tot  nati  cecidere  deum  ;  quin  occidit  una  15 

Sarpedon,  mea  progenies,     etiam  sua  Turnum 

fata  vocant  metasque  dati  pervenit  ad  aevi.' 

sic  ait  atque  oculos  Rutulorum  reicit  arvis. 

at  Pallas  magnis  emittit  viribus  hastam 

vaginaque  cava  fulgentem  deripit  ensem.  20 

ilia  volans,  umeri  surgunt  qua  tegmina  summa, 

incidit  atque  viam  clipei  molita  per  or  as 

tandem  etiam  magno  strinxit  de  corpore  Turni. 

hie  Turnus  ferro  praefixum  robur  acuto 

in  Pallanta  diu  librans  iacit  atque  ita  fatur :  25 

*  Aspice,  num  mage  sit  nostrum  penetrabile  telum.' 

dixerat ;  at  clipeum,  tot  f erri  terga,  tot  aeris, 

quem  pellis  totiens  obeat  circumdata  tauri, 

2.  contiguum,  in  reach.  6.  Alcide,  Hercules.  11.  genitor,  Jupi- 
ter. 16.  Sarpedon,  son  of  Jupiter  and  Europa,  slain  by  Patroclus. 
17.  metas,  goal,  end.  22.  molita,  cutting.  23.  strinxit,  grazed. 
25.  librans,  balancing.  26.  mage  =  magis.  26.  penetrabile,  pene- 
trating.   27.  terga,  thicknesses.    28.  obeat,  goes  around. 


465-608.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  29 

vibranti  cuspis  medium  transverberat  ictii 

loricaeque  moras  et  pectus  perforat  ingens. 

ille  rapit  calidum  f rustra  de  vulnere  telum : 

una  eademque  via  sanguis  animusque  sequuntur. 

corruit  in  vulnus  (sonitum  super  arma  dedere)  5 

et  terram  hostilem  moriens  petit  ore  cruento. 

quern  Turnus  super  adsistens 

'  Arcades,  haec '  inquit  '  memores  mea  dicta  ref erte 

Euandro :  qualem  meruit,  Pallanta  remitto. 

quisquis  honos  tumuli,  quidquid  solamen  humandi  est,  10 

largior.     baud  illi  stabunt  Aeneia  parvo 

hospitia.'     et  laevo  pressit  pede  talia  fatus 

exanimem,  rapiens  immania  pondera  baltei 

impressumque  nefas  :  una  sub  nocte  iugali 

caesa  manus  iuvenum  foede  thalamique  cruenti,  15 

quae  Clonus  Eurytides  multo  caelaverat  auro ; 

quo  nunc  Turnus  ovat  spolio  gaudetque  potitus. 

nescia  mens  hominum  fati  sortisque  futurae 

et  servare  modum,  rebus  sublata  secundis ! 

Turno  tempus  erit,  magno  cum  optaverit  emptum  20 

intactum  Pallanta  et  cum  spolia  ista  diemque 

oderit.     at  socii  multo  gemitu  lax^rimisque 

impositum  scuto  referunt  Pallanta  frequentes. 

o  dolor  atque  decus  magnum  reditu  re  parenti ! 

haec  te  prima  dies  bello  dedit,  liaec  eadem  aufert,  25 

cum  tamen  ingentis  Rutulorum  linquis  acervos. 

1.  cuspis,  lance.  1.  medium,  with  clipeum.  10.  solamen  hn- 
mdjx6d,  con wlaiion  of  burial.  11.  Idngior,  f/noit.  11.  parvo,  abl.  of 
price.  13.  baltei,  belt.  14.  impressumque  nefas,  the  belt  was  en- 
graved with  the  story  of  the  daughters  of  Daiiaus.  14.  iugali,  nuptial. 
15.  thalami,  bridal  chambers.  16.  caelaverat,  carved.  20.  magno 
(with  emptum),  at  a  great  price. 


30  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  X. 

Aeneas,  on  hearing  of  the  death  of  Pallas,  comes  to  the  relief  of  the 
Arcadians.  The  enemy  is  driven  back  and  the  siege  is  raised, 
X.  509-604. 

Juno  again  pleads  with  Jupiter  for  the  life  of  Turnus,  x.  605-631. 

lunonem  interea  compellat  luppiter  ultro  : 
^  O  germana  mihi  atque  eadem  gratissima  coniunx, 
ut  rebare,  Venus  (nee  te  sententia  fallit) 
Troianas  sustentat  opes,  non  vivida  bello 
dextra  viris  animusque  ferox  patiensque  pericli.'  5 

cui  luno  submissa :  '  Quid,  o  pulcherrime  coniunx, 
sollicitas  aegram  et  tua  tristia  iussa  timentem  ? 
si  mihi,  quae  quondam  fuerat  quamque  esse  decebat, 
vis  in  amore  foret,  non  hoc  mihi  namque  negares, 
omnipotens,  quin  et  pugnae  subducere  Turnum  10 

et  Dauno  possem  incolumem  servare  parenti. 
nunc  pereat  Teucrisque  pio  det  sanguine  poenas. 
ille  tamen  nostra  deducit  origine  nomen, 
Pilumnusque  illi  quartus  pater,  et  tua  larga 
saepe  manu  multisque  oneravit  limina  donis.'  15 

cui  rex  aetherii  breviter  sic  fatus  Olympi : 
'  Si  mora  praesentis  leti  tempusque  caduco 
oratur  iuveni  meque  hoc  ita  ponere  sentis, 
tolle  fuga  Turnum  atque  instantibus  eripe  fatis. 
hactenus  indulsisse  vacat.     sin  altior  istis  20 

sub  precibus  venia  ulla  latet  totumque  moveri 
mutarive  putas  bellum,  spes  pascis  inanis.^ 


3.  rebare  =  rebaris.  5.  viris,  dative  with  dextra.  14.  tua,  with 
limina.  14.  larga  (with  oneravit),  liberally.  17.  caduco,  doomed. 
18.  meque  hoc  ita  ponere  sentis,  and  thou  understandest  that  such  is 
my  decree.  20.  hactenus  indulsisse  vacat,  so  much  is  (/ranted. 
22.  pascis,  nourish. 


I 


609-650.]  THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS.  31 

et  luno  adlacrimans  :  '  Quid,  si,  quae  voce  gravaris, 

mente  dares  atque  haec  Turno  rata  vita  maneret  ? 

nunc  manet  insontem  gravis  exitus,  aut  ego  veri 

vana  feror.     quod  ut  o  potius  formidine  falsa 

ludar  et  in  melius  tua,  qui  potes,  orsa  reflectas  ! '  5 

Juno  deludes  Turnus  with  a  phantom  Aeneas  and  carries  him  off 
to  Ardea,  x.  G32-687. 

Haec  ubi  dicta  dedit,  caelo  se  protinus  alto 

misit,  agens  hiemem  nimbo  succincta  per  auras, 

Iliacamque  aciem  et  Laurentia  castra  petivit. 

turn  dea  nube  cava  tenuem  sine  viribus  umbram 

in  f aciem  Aeneae  (visu  mirabile  monstrum)  10 

Dardaniis  ornat  telis  clipeumque  iubasque 

divini  adsimulat  capitis,  dat  inania  verba, 

dat  sine  mente  sonum  gressusque  effingit  euntis, 

morte  obita  qualis  fama  est  volitare  figuras 

aut  quae  sopitos  deludunt  somnia  sensus.  16 

at  primas  laeta  ante  acies  exsultat  imago 

inritatque  virum  telis  et  voce  lacessit. 

instat  cui  Turnus  stridentemque  eminus  hastam 

conicit :  ilia  dato  vertit  vestigia  tergo. 

tum  vero  Aenean  aversum  ut  cedere  Turnus  20 

credidit  atque  animo  spem  turbidus  hausit  inanem, 

'  Quo  fugis,  Aenea  ?  tlialamos  ne  desere  pactos ; 

hac  dabitur  dextra  tellus  quaesita  per  undas.' 

talia  vociferans  sequitur  strictumque  coruscat 

1.  gravaris,  yrantest  with  reluctance.  2.  rata,  secure.  3.  in- 
sontem, innocent.  5.  ludar,  uiockcd.  5.  orsa,  plans.  7.  nimbo 
succincta,  clad  in  a  cloud.  U.  obita,  met.  15.  sopitos,  sleppinr/. 
17.  lacessit,  challenges.  18.  eminus,  from  afar.  21.  turbidus, 
wildbj. 


32  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Hooks  X.,  XL 

mucroneni,  nee  ferre  videt  sua  gaudia  ventos. 

forte  ratis  celsi  coniuncta  crepidine  saxi 

expositis  stabat  scalis  et  ponte  parato, 

qua  rex  Clusinis  advectus  Osinius  oris. 

hue  sese  trepida  Aeneae  fugientis  imago  ^  5 

conicit  in  latebras,  nee  Turnus  segnior  instat 

exsuperatque  moras  et  pontis  transilit  altos. 

vix  proram  attigerat :  rumpit  Saturnia  funem 

avulsamque  rapit  revoluta  per  aequora  navem. 

tum  levis  hand  ultra  latebras  iam  quaerit  imago,  10 

sed  sublime  volans  nubi  se  immiscuit  atrae. 

ilium  autem  Aeneas  absentem  in  proelia  poscit; 

obvia  multa  virum  demittit  corpora  Morti, 

cum  Turnum  medio  interea  fert  aequore  turbo. 

respicit  ignarus  rerum  ingratusque  salutis  15 

et  duplicis  cum  voce  manus  ad  sidera  tendit : 

^  Omnipotens  genitor,  tanton  me  crimine  dignum 

duxisti  et  talis  voluisti  expendere  poenas  ? 

quo  feror  ?  unde  abii  ?  quae  me  fuga  quemve  reducit  ? 

Laurentisne  iterum  muros  aut  castra  videbo  ?  20 

quid  manus  ilia  virum,  qui  me  meaque  arma  secuti  ? 

quosne  (nefas)  omnis  infanda  in  morte  reliqui 

et  nunc  palantis  video  gemitumque  cadentum 

accipio  ?  quid  ago  ?  aut  quae  iam  satis  ima  dehiscat 

terra  mihi  ?  vos  o  potius  miserescite,  venti ;  25 

in  rupes,  in  saxa  (volens  vos  Turnus  adoro) 

ferte  ratem  saevisque  vadis  immittite  syrtis, 

quo  neque  me  E-utuli  nee  conscia  fama  sequatur.' 


1.  mucronem,  sword.  2.  ratis  (nom.  sing.),  ship.  2.  crepidine, 
projection.  G.  latebras,  hiding-place.  14.  turbo,  wind,  breeze. 
17.  tanton  =  tantone.  18.  duxisti,  thought.  22.  infanda,  unspeaka- 
ble.    24.   dehiscat,  yawn.    27.   syrtis,  sands. 


651-900,1-102.]     THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  33 

liaec  memorans  animo  nunc  hue,  nunc  fluctuat  illuc, 

an  sese  mucrone  ob  tantum  dedecus  amens 

induat  et  crudum  per  costas  exigat  ensem, 

iiuctibus  an  iaciat  mediis  et  litora  nando 

curva  petat  Teucrumque  iterum  se  reddat  in  arma.  6 

ter  conatus  utramque  viam,  ter  maxima  luno 

continuit  iuvenemque  animi  miserata  repressit. 

labitur  alta  secans  fluctuque  aestuque  secundo 

et  patris  antiquam  Dauni  defertur  ad  urbem. 


Mezentius  slays  many  Trojans  (x.  688-767).  Aeneas  comes  to 
meet  him.  In  the  fight  Mezentius  falls  and  Lausus,  his  son, 
hurries  up  to  rescue  him,  whereupon  Aeneas  slays  both  son  and 
father,  x.  708-906. 

On  the  next  morning  the  body  of  Pallas,  slain  by  Turnus,  is  made 
ready  to  be  sent  back  to  his  father  Evander,  xi.  1-95. 

Aeneas  says  a  last  fareioell  to  his  friend,  xi.  96-99. 

*  Nos  alias  hinc  ad  lacrimas  eadem  horrida  belli  10 

fata  vocant :  salve  aeternum  mihi,  maxime  Palla, 
aetemumque  vale.'     nee  plura  effatus  ad  altos 
tendebat  muros  gressumque  in  castra  ferebat. 


A  truce  is  made  for  twelve  days  in  lohich  both  sides  care  for  their 
dead,  xi.  100-138. 

lamque  oratores  aderant  ex  urbe  Latina, 
velati  ram  is  oleae  veniamque  rogantes :  16 

corpora,  per  eampos  ferro  quae  fusa  iaeebant, 

2.  sese  mucrone  .  .  .  induat,  clothe  himself  with  a  sword  =  clothe  a 
sword  with  himself,  i.e.  stab  himself.  2.  dedecus,  disgrace.  3.  cru- 
dum, bare.  3.  costas,  ribs,  side.  8.  secans,  cutting  through.  15.  ve- 
lati ramis  oleae,  covered  by  branches  of  olive. 


34  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  XL 

redderet  ac  tumiilo  siiieret  succedere  terrae ; 

nullum  cum  victis  certamen  et  aethere  cassis ; 

parceret  hospitibus  quondam  socerisque  vocatis. 

quos  bonus  Aeneas  baud  aspernanda  precantis 

prosequitur  venia  et  verbis  haec  insuper  addit :  6 

^  Quaenam  vos  tanto  fortuna  indigna,  Latini, 

implicuit  bello,  qui  nos  f  ugiatis  amicos  ? 

pacem  me  exanimis  et  Martis  sorte  peremptis 

Gratis  ?  equidem  et  vivis  concedere  vellem. 

nee  veni,  nisi  fata  locum  sedemque  dedissent ;  10 

nee  bellum  cum  gente  gero :  rex  nostra  reliquit 

hospitia  et  Turni  potius  se  credidit  armis. 

aequius  huic  Turnum  fuerat  se  opponere  morti. 

si  bellum  finire  manu,  si  pellere  Teucros 

apparat,  his  mecum  decuit  concurrere  telis ;  15 

vixet,  cui  vitam  deus  aut  sua  dextra  dedisset. 

nunc  ite  et  miseris  supponite  civibus  ignem/ 

dixerat  Aeneas,     illi  obstipuere  silentes 

conversique  oculos  inter  se  atque  ora  tenebant. 

tum  senior  semperque  odiis  et  crimine  Drances  20 

infensus  iuveni  Turno  sic  ore  vicissim 

orsa  refert :  ^  0  f ama  ingens,  ingentior  armis 

vir  Troiane,  quibus  caelo  te  laudibus  aequem  ? 

iustitiaene  prius  mirer  belline  laborum? 

nos  vero  liaec  patriam  grati  referemus  ad  urbem  25 

et  te,  si  qua  viam  dederit  fortuna,  Latino 

iungemus  regi.     quaerat  sibi  foedera  Turnus. 

quin  et  fatalis  murorum  attollere  moles 


1.  redderet,  sc.  Aeneas.  2.  aethere  cassis,  bereft  of  life.  5.  pro- 
sequitur venia,  grants  them  the  favor.  8.  peremptis,  taken  aicay. 
IG.  vixet  =  vixisset.  22.  orsa,  words.  24.  iustitiae  and  laborum, 
gen.  after  mirer.    28.  fatalis,  ordained  by  fate. 


103-224.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  35 

saxaque  siibvectare  umeris  Troiana  iuvabit/ 

dixerat  haec,  uiioque  omnes  eadem  ore  f  remebant. 

bis  senos  pepigere  dies  et  pace  sequestra 

per  silvas  Teiicri  mixtiqiie  impune  Latini 

erravere  iugis.     ferro  soiiat  alta  bipeuni  6 

fraxinus,  evertunt  actas  ad  sidera  pinus, 

robora  nee  cuneis  et  olentem  scindere  cedruni 

nee  plaustris  cessant  vectare  gementibus  ornos. 


The  body  of  Pallas  has  been  received  with  loud  lamentations  by 
Evander,  xi.  139-181. 

While  the  Latins  are  caring  for  their  dead  (xi.  203-214),  the  friends 
of  the  slain  are  stirred  to  icrath  against  Turnus.  Drances  fans 
the  flame,  but  Turnus  has  defenders,  xi.  215-224. 

Hie  matres  miseraeque  nurus,  hie  cara  sororum 

pectora  maerentum  puerique  parentibiis  orbi  10 

diruni  exsecrantur  bellum  Turnique  hynienaeos  ; 

ipsum  armis  ipsumque  iiibent  decernere  ferro, 

qui  regnum  Italiae  et  primos  sibi  poscat  honores. 

ingravat  haec  saevus  Drances  solumque  vocari 

testatur,  solum  posci  in  certamina  Turnum.  15 

multa  simul  contra  variis  sententia  dictis 

pro  Turno,  et  magnum  reginae  nomen  obumbrat, 

multa  virum  meritis  sustentat  fama  tropaeis. 

1.  saza  .  .  .  Troiana,  i.e.  for  a  Trojan  city.  1.  subvectare,  carry. 
'^.  pe-pigere,  dvkIc  a  truce.  3.  pa.ce  sequestra.,  sheltej-iug  peace.  5.  bi- 
peimi,  axe.  c>.  fra.:diiXiB,  slender  a.sh.  1.  cvineiB,wedf/es.  7.  olentem 
.  .  .  cedrum,  frag7'ant  cedar.  8.  plaustris,  icti(/ons.  H.  ornos,  )uoun- 
tain  ash.  \i.  nurus,  dauffhters-ln-law .  10.  maerentum,  sorrowing. 
10.  OThi,  orphaned.  11.  exsefiTa.XLX,\xx,  call  down  curses  upon.  14.  in- 
gravat .  .  .  saevus,  ayf/ravates.  17.  obumbrat,  shelters.  18.  tro- 
paeis, trophies,  victories. 


36  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XL 

The  embassadors  have  returned  from  the  city  of  Diomede.  A 
council  is  called  over  which  Latinus  presides :  Diomede  has 
declined  to  aid  them,  and  advised  them  to  make  peace  with 
Aeneas.  At  this  report  the  council  is  thrown  into  confusion, 
XI.  225-299. 

Latinus  speaks  in  favor  of  peace,  xi.  300-335. 

Ut  primum  placati  animi  et  trepida  ora  qiiierunt, 
praefatus  divos  solio  rex  infit  ab  alto : 

'  Ante  equidem  summa  de  re  statuisse,  Latini, 
et  vellem  et  fuerat  melius,  non  tempore  tali 
cogere  concilium,  cum  muros  adsidet  hostis.  5 

bellum  importunum,  cives,  cum  gente  deorum 
invictisque  viris  gerimus,  quos  nulla  fatigant 
proelia,  nee  victi  possunt  absistere  ferro. 
spem  si  quam  ascitis  Aetolum  habuistis  in  armis, 
ponite.     spes    sibi    quisque;    sed   haec   quam   angusta, 
videtis.  10 

cetera  qua  rerum  iaceant  perculsa  ruina, 
ante  oculos  interque  manus  sunt  omnia  vestras. 
nee  quemquam  incuso :  potuit  quae  plurima  virtus 
esse,  f uit ;  toto  certatum  est  corpore  regni. 
nunc  adeo,  quae  sit  dubiae  sententia  menti,  15 

expediam  et  paucis  (animos  adhibete)  docebo. 
est  antiquus  ager  Tusco  mihi  proximus  amni, 
longus  in  occasum,  finis  super  usque  Sicanos ; 
Aurunci  Eutulique  serunt  et  vomere  duros 

1.  quierunt,  from  quiesco.  2.  solio,  seat,  throne.  9.  ascitis, 
auxillarij.  9.  Aetolum,  Diomede's  followers.  11.  perculsa,  over- 
throivn.  13.  incuso,  accuse.  14.  corpore,  strength.  17.  Tusco  .  .  . 
amni,  i.e.  the  Tiber.  18.  longus  in  occasum,  far  to  the  west.  18.  Si- 
canos, the  Siculi,  found  first  in  Italy  and  later  in  Sicily.  19.  serunt, 
till. 


225-341.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  37 

exercent  colles  atque  horuni  asperrinia  pascunt. 

haec  omnis  regio  et  celsi  plaga  i)inea  niontis 

cedat  amicitiae  Teucrorum,  et  foederis  aecjuas 

dicamu^  leges  sociosque  in  regiia  vocemus ; 

considant,  si  tantus  amor,  et  moenia  condant.  6 

sin  alios  finis  aliamque  capessere  gentem 

est  animus  possuntque  solo  decedere  nostro, 

bis  denas  Italo  texamus  robore  navis, 

seu  pluris  complere  valent :  iacet  omnis  ad  undam 

materies ;  ipsi  numerumque  modumqiie  carinis  10 

praecipiant,  nos  aera,  manus,  navalia  demus. 

praeterea,  qui  dicta  ferant  et  foedera  firment, 

centum  oratores  prima  de  gente  Latinos 

ire  placet  pacisque  manu  praetendere  ramos, 

munera  portantis  aurique  eborisque  talenta  15 

et  sellam  regni  trabeamque  insignia  nostri. 

consulite  in  medium  et  rebus  succurrite  fessis.' 


Drances  inveighs  against  Turnus,  who  appears  now  for  the  first 
time  since  his  unwilling  flight  to  Ardea,  xi.  336-376. 

Tum  Drances,  idem  infensus,  quem  gloria  Turni 
obliqua  invidia  stimulisque  agitabat  amaris, 
(largus  opum  et  lingua  melior,  sed  frigida  bello  20 

dextera,  consiliis  habitus  non  futtilis  auctor, 
seditione  potens ;  genus  huic  materna  superbum 
nobilitas  dabat,  incertum  de  patre  ferebat;) 

1.  asperrima,  the  roughest  parts.  2.  plaga,  belt,  district.  6.  ca- 
pessere =  capere.  7.  solo,  terntory.  8.  texamus,  hnild.  9.  seu 
pluris,  or  more  if.  11.  praecipiant,  prescribe.  15.  eboris,  ivory. 
Hi.  sellam  regni,  chair  of  state.  IG.  trabeam,  purple  robe.  17.  in 
medium,  for  the  common  good.  19.  obliqua,  sidelong,  furtive. 
19.  amaris,  bitter.    20.  largus  opum,  liberal. 


38  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XL 

surgit  et  his  onerat  dictis  atque  aggerat  iras : 

*  Rem  nulli  obscuram  nostrae  nee  vocis  egentem 

consulis,  o  bone  rex :  cuncti  se  scire  fatentur, 

quid  fortuna  ferat  populi,  sed  dicere  mussant. 

det  libertatem  fandi  flatusqne  remittat,  5 

cuius  ob  auspicium  infaustum  moresque  sinistros 

(dicam  equidem,  licet  arma  niihi  mortemque  minetur) 

lumina  tot  cecidisse  ducum  totamque  videmus 

consedisse  urbem  luctu,  dum  Troia  temptat 

castra,  fugae  fidens,  et  caelum  territat  armis.  10 

unum  etiam  donis  istis,  quae  plurima  mitti 

Dardanidis  dicique  iubes,  unum,  optime  regum, 

adicias,  nee  te  ullius  violentia  vincat, 

quin  natam  egregio  genero  dignisque  hymenaeis 

desj  pater,  et  pacem  banc  aeterno  foedere  firmes.  15 

quod  si  tantus  habet  mentes  et  pectora  terror, 

ipsuni  obtestemur  veniamque  oremus  ab  ipso: 

cedat,  ius  proprium  regi  patriaeque  remittat. 

quid  miseros  totiens  in  aperta  pericula  cives 

proicis,  0  Latio  caput  horum  et  causa  malorum  ?  20 

nulla  salus  bello ;  pacem  te  poscimus  omnes, 

Turne,  simul  pacis  solum  inviolabile  pignus. 

primus  ego,  invisum  quem  tu  tibi  fingis  (et  esse 

nil  moror),  en  supplex  venio.     miserere  tuorum, 

pone  animos  et  pulsus  abi.     sat  funera  fusi  25 

vidimus,  ingentis  et  desolavimus  agros. 

aut  si  fama  movet,  si  tantum  pectore  robur 


2.  egentem,  in  need  of.  4.  dicere  mussant,  mutter,  murmur,  i.e. 
are  afraid  to  speak  out.  5.  flatus  remittat,  curb  his  haughty  spirit. 
6.  infaustum,  iinpropitious.  7.  licet,  although.  18.  cedat,  sc.  Tur- 
nus.  23.  fingis,  imagine.  23.  esse  nil  moror,  /  care  not  if  I  am. 
25.   pulsus,  defeated. 


342-394.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  39 

concipis  et  si  adeo  dotalis  regia  cordi  est, 

aiide  atque  adversum  fidens  fer  pectus  in  hostem. 

scilicet  ut  Turiio  contingat  regia  coniunx, 

nos,  aniiiiae  viles,  inhuinata  infletaque  tiirba, 

sternamur  campis.     etiam  tu,  si  qua  tibi  vis,  6 

si  patrii  quid  Martis  habes,  ilium  aspice  contra, 

qui  vocat/ 

Turnus  replies  to  Drances,  xi.  376-409. 

Talibus  exarsit  dictis  violentia  Turni ; 
dat  gemitum  rumpitque  has  imo  pectore  voces : 
^  Larga  quidem,  Drance,  semper  tibi  copia  fandi  lo 

tum,  cum  bella  manus  poscunt,  patribusque  vocatis 
primus  ades.     sed  non  replenda  est  curia  verbis, 
quae  tuto  tibi  magna  volant,  dum  distinct  hostem 
agger  moerorum  nee  inundant  sanguine  fossae, 
proinde  tona  eloquio  (solitum  tibi)  meque  timoris  15 

argue  tu,  Drance,  quando  tot  stragis  acervos 
Teucrorum  tua  dextra  dedit  passimque  tropaeis 
insignis  agros.     possit  quid  vivida  virtus, 
experiare  licet :  nee  longe  scilicet  hostes 
quaerendi  nobis ;  circumstant  undique  muros.  20 

imus  in  adversos  ?  quid  cessas  ?  an  tibi  Mavors 
ventosa  in  lingua  pedibusque  fugacibus  istis 
semper  erit? 

pulsus  ego  ?  aut  quisquam  merito,  foedissime,  pulsum 
arguet,  Iliaco  tumidum  qui  crescere  Thybrim  25 

sanguine  et  Euandri  totam  cum  stirpe  videbit 


1.  cordi,  to  thy  liking.  3.  contingat,  belong.  12.  curia,  senate- 
house.  13.  distinet,  ^ee/)a  q^'.  14.  moerorum  =  wm;wu/».  15.  tona, 
thunder  forth.  16.  argfue,  occii^e.  16.  stragis  acervos, /*ea/).?q/'s/rtm. 
19.  nee  longe  .  .  .  quaerendi,  not/ar  to  seek.    20.  stirpe,  i.e.  Pallas. 


40  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XI. 

procubuisse  domum  atque  exutos  Arcadas  armis  ? 

hand  ita  me  expert!  Bitias  et  Pandarus  ingens 

et  quos  mille  die  victor  sub  Tartara  misi, 

inclusus  muris  hostilique  aggere  saeptus. 

"  Nulla  salus  bello."     capiti  cane  talia,  demens,  5 

Dardanio  rebusque  tuis.     proinde  omnia  magno 

ne  cessa  turbare  metu  atque  extollere  vires 

gentis  bis  victae,  contra  premere  arma  Latini. 

nunc  et  Myrmidonum  proceres  Phrygia  arma  tremescunt, 

[nunc  et  Tydides  et  Larisaeus  Achilles,]  10 

amnis  et  Hadriacas  retro  fugit  Aufidus  undas. 

vel  cum  se  pavidum  contra  mea  iurgia  fingit 

artificis  scelus  et  formidine  crimen  acerbat. 

numquam  animam  talem  dextra  hac  (absiste  moveri) 

amittes :  habitet  tecum  et  sit  pectore  in  isto.  15 


Turnus  now  turns  to  Latinus,  xi.  410-433. 

Nunc  ad  te  et  tua  magna,  pater,  consulta  revertor. 
si  nullam  nostris  ultra  spem  ponis  in  armis, 
si  tam  deserti  sumus  et  semel  agmine  verso 
funditus  occidimus  neque  habet  Fortuna  regressum, 
oremus  pacem  et  dextras  tendamus  inertis.  20 

quamquam  o  si  solitae  quicquam  virtutis  adesset ! 
ille  mihi  ante  alios  fortunatusque  laborum 
egregiusque  animi,  qui,  ne  quid  tale  videret, 

1.  exutos,  despoiled.  3.  die,  in  one  day.  9.  Myrmidonum,  the 
followers  of  Achilles.  9.  proceres,  chiefs.  9.  tremescunt,  tremble 
at.  12.  contra  mea  iurgia,  in  the  face  of  my  contention.  12.  fingit, 
represents.  13.  artificis  scelus,  his  knave's  trick.  13.  crimen 
acerbat,  sharpens  his  accusation.  19.  funditus,  bitterly.  19.  re- 
gressum, turning.  21.  quamquam,  and  yet.  22.  ille  (sc.  videtur), 
that  one. 


395-441.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  41 

procubuit  moriens  et  hiimum  semel  ore  momordit. 

sin  et  opes  nobis  et  adhiic  intacta  inventus 

auxilioque  urbes  Italae  populique  supersunt, 

sin  et  Troianis  cum  multo  gloria  venit 

sanguine  (sunt  illis  sua  funera,  parque  per  omnis  5 

tempestas)  cur  indecores  in  limine  primo 

deficimus  ?  cur  ante  tubam  tremor  occupat  artus  ? 

multa  dies  variique  labor  mutabilis  aevi 

rettulit  in  melius,  multos  alterna  revisens 

lusit  et  in  solido  rursus  Fortuna  locavit.  10 

non  erit  auxilio  nobis  Aetolus  et  Arpi : 

at  Messapus  erit  felixque  Tolumnius  et  quos 

tot  populi  misere  duces,  nee  parva  sequetur 

gloria  delectos  Latio  et  Laurentibus  agris. 

est  et  Volscorum  egregia  de  gente  Camilla,  15 

agmen  agens  equitum  et  florentis  acre  catervas. 

Turnus  offers  to  meet  Aeneds^s  demand  for  a  single  combat^  xi. 
434-444. 

Quod  si  me  solum  Teucri  in  certamina  poscunt 

idque  placet  tantumque  bonis  communibus  obsto, 

non  adeo  has  exosa  manus  Victoria  fugit, 

ut  tanta  quicquam  pro  spe  temptare  recusem.  20 

ibo  animis  contra,  vel  magnum  praestet  Achillem 

factaque  Volcani  manibus  paria  induat  arma 

ille  licet,     vobis  animam  hanc  soceroque  Latino 

Turnus  ego,  baud  ulli  veterum  virtute  secundus, 

1.  momordit,  has  bitten.  G.  indecores,  weakly.  7.  deficimus, 
falter.  8.  multa,  many  things.  11.  Aetolus  =  Diomede.  14.  de- 
lectos,/eyie^^  IC).  &0Ten\AB,resplende7)t.  19.  exoB&,  hating.  21.  ani- 
mis, icith  courage.  21.  vel  .  .  .  licet,  even  though.  22.  paria,  equal 
to  (those  of  Achilles) . 


42  VEEGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XL 

devovi.     solum  Aeneas  vocat.     et  vocet  oro, 
nee  Drances  potius,  sive  est  haec  ira  deorum, 
morte  luat,  sive  est  virtus  et  gloria,  tollat/ 


In  the  midst  of  the  discussion  the  alarm  is  given  that  Aeneas  is 
marching  out  to  meet  the  Latins.  Turnus  rushes  to  arms,  xi. 
445-467. 

Illi  haec  inter  se  dubiis  de  rebus  agebant 
certantes  :  castra  Aeneas  aciemque  movebat.  5 

nuntius  ingenti  per  regia  tecta  tumultu 
ecce  ruit  magnisque  urbem  terroribus  implet, 
instructos  acie  Tiberino  a  flumine  Teucros 
Tyrrhenamque  manum  totis  descendere  campis. 
extemplo  turbati  animi  concussaque  volgi  10 

pectora  et  arrectae  stimulis  baud  mollibus  irae. 
arma  manu  trepidi  poscunt,  f  remit  arm  a  inventus, 
flent  maesti  mussantque  patres.     hie  undique  clamor 
dissensu  vario  magnus  se  tollit  ad  auras, 
hand  secus  atque  alto  in  luco  cum  forte  catervae  15 

consedere  avium  piscosove  amne  Padusae 
dant  sonitum  rauci  per  stagna  loquacia  cycni. 
'  Immo '  ait  ^  o  cives '  arrepto  tempore  Turnus, 
'  cogite  concilium  et  pacem  laudate  sedentes ; 
illi  armis  in  regna  ruunt.'     nee  plura  locutus  20 

corripuit  sese  et  tectis  citus  extulit  altis. 
'  Tu,  Voluse,  armari  Yolscorum  edice  maniplis, 
due  ^  ait  '  et  Eutulos.     equitem,  Messapus,  in  armis. 


3.  luat  (subject,  Drances),  expiate.  3.  toUat,  ivin.  9.  totis.  .  . 
csimpia,  over  all  the  plain.  13.  maesti,  sad.  15.  haud  secus  atque,  noi 
otherwise  than.  16.  Fadusae,  one  of  the  mouths  of  the  Po.  18.  ar- 
repto tempore,  seizing  this  opportunity.    22.  maniplis,  bands. 


442-485.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURN  US.  43 

et  cum  fratre  Coras,  latis  diffundite  campis. 
pars  aditiis  urbis  firmet  turrisque  capessat ; 
cetera,  qua  iusso,  mecum  manus  inferat  arma.' 


The  assembly  is  dissolved  and  Latinus  reproaches  himself  for  his 
inaction.  The  queen  and  Lavinia  go  to  the  temple  to  pray,  xi. 
468-485. 

Ilicet  in  muros  tota  discurritur  urbe. 

concilium  ipse  pater  et  magna  incepta  Latinus  6 

deserit  ac  tristi  turbatus  tempore  differt 

multaque  se  incusat,  qui  non  acceperit  ultro 

Dardanium  Aenean  generumque  asciverit  urbi. 

praefodiunt  alii  portas  aut  saxa  sudesque 

subvectant.     bello  dat  signum  rauca  cruentum  10 

bucina.     turn  muros  varia  cinxere  corona 

matronae  puerique ;  vocat  labor  ultimus  omnis. 

nee  non  ad  templum  summasque  ad  Palladis  arces 

subvehitur  magna  matrum  regina  caterva, 

dona  ferens,  iuxtaque  comes  Lavinia  virgo,  16 

causa  mali  tanti,  oculos  deiecta  decoros. 

succedunt  matres  et  templum  ture  vaporant 

et  maestas  alto  fundunt  de  limine  voces : 

*  Armipotens,  praeses  belli,  Tritonia  virgo, 

frange  manu  telum  Phrygii  praedonis  et  ipsum  20 

pronum  sterne  solo  portisque  effunde  sub  altis/ 

2.  capessat,    man.     3.    iusso  =  itissero.     4.    ilicet,  straightway . 

7.  qui,  causal.     8.  asciverit,  adopt.    9.  sudes,  stakes.  11.  bucina, 

war-trumpet.  11.  corona,  crown.  15.  iuxta,  near  by.  17.  ture,  in- 
cense.   19.  praeses,  leader. 


44  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XL 

Turnus  and  Camilla  divide  the  command.  Camilla  meets  the 
Trojans  on  the  plain  while  Turnus  prepares  an  ambush  for 
Aeneas^  xi.  486-531. 

Cingitur  ipse  furens  certatim  in  proelia  Turnus. 

iamque  adeo  rutilum  thoraca  indutus  aenis 

horrebat  squamis  surasque  incluserat  auro, 

tempora  nudus  adhuc,  laterique  accinxerat  ensem 

fulgebatque  alta  decurrens  aureus  arce  5 

exsultatque  animis  et  spe  iam  praecipit  hostem  : 

qualis  ubi  abruptis  fugit  praesaepia  vinclis 

tandem  liber  equus  campoque  potitus  aperto 

aut  ille  in  pastus  armentaque  tendit  equarum 

aut  adsuetus  aquae  perfundi  flumine  noto  10 

emicat  arrectisque  fremit  cervicibus  alte 

luxurians,  luduntque  iubae  per  colla,  per  armos. 

obvia  cui  Yolscoruni  acie  coraitante  Camilla 

occurrit  portisque  ab  equo  regina  sub  ipsis 

desiluit,  quam  tota  cohors  imitata  relictis  16 

ad  terram  defluxit  equis  ;  turn  talia  f atur : 

^  Turne,  sui  merito  si  qua  est  fiducia  f orti, 

audeo  et  Aeneadum  promitto  occurrere  turmae 

solaque  Tyrrhenes  equites  ire  obvia  contra. 

me  sine  prima  manu  temptare  pericula  belli,  20 

tu  pedes  ad  muros  subsiste  et  moenia  serva.' 

Turnus  ad  haec,  oculos  horrenda  in  virgine  fixus : 

^  0  decus  Italiae  virgo,  quas  dicere  grates 

quasve  ref  erre  parem  ?  sed  nunc,  est  omnia  quando 

iste  animus  supra,  mecum  partire  laborem.  25 

1.  cingitur,  arms  himself.  1.  certatim,  eagerly.  2.  rutilum,  red. 
2.  thoraca,  breast-plate.  2.  indutus,  having  put  on.  3.  suras,  legs. 
6.  praecipit,  anticipates.  7.  praesaepia,  stalls.  9.  pastus,  pasture. 
10.  perfundi,  to  bathe.  12.  luxurians,  wantoning.  12.  armos, 
shoulders.    17.  sui .  .  .  forti,  in  one's  own  strength.    20.  Bine,  permit. 


486-897.]  THE   STORY   OF   TURNUS.  46 

Aeneas,  ut  fama  fidem  missique  reportant 

exploratores,  equitum  levia  improbus  anna 

praemisit,  quaterent  campos ;  ipse  arclua  montis 

per  deserta  iugo  superans  adventat  ad  urbem. 

furta  paro  belli  convexo  in  tramite  silvae,  6 

ut  bivias  armato  obsidam  milite  fauces. 

tu  Tyrrlienum  equitem  collatis  excipe  signis ; 

tecum  acer  Messapus  erit  turmaeque  Latinae 

Tiburtique  manus ;  ducis  et  tu  concipe  curam.' 

sic  ait  et  paribus  Messapum  in  proelia  dictis  10 

hortatur  sociosque  duces  et  pergit  in  hostem. 

est  curvo  anfractu  valles,  accommoda  fraudi 

armorumque  dolis,  quam  densis  frondibus  atrum 

urget  utrimque  latus,  tenuis  quo  semita  ducit 

angustaeque  ferunt  fauces  aditusque  maligni.  15 

banc  super  in  speculis  summoque  in  vertice  montis 

planities  ignota  iacet  tutique  receptus, 

sen  dextra  laevaque  velis  occurrere  pugnae, 

sive  instare  iugis  et  grandia  volvere  saxa. 

hue  iuvenis  nota  fertur  regione  viarum  20 

arripuitque  locum  et  silvis  insedit  iniquis. 

Camilla  joins  battle  with  the  Trojans  and  is  treacherously  slain. 
The  Latins  flee  in  disorder  to  the  city,  xi.  632-895. 

The  news  of  Camilla's  death  is  carried  to  Turnus  in  his  place  of 
ambush,  xi.  896-916. 

Interea  Turnum  in  silvis  saevissimus  implet 
nuntius  et  iuveni  ingentem  fert  Acca  tumultum : 

2.  improbus,  shameless.  3.  quaterent,  to  lay  waste.  3.  mentis 
.  .  .  iugo,  mountain-ridge.  5.  furta  .  .  .  belli,  ambush.  5.  tramite, 
path.  0.  bivias,  two.  7.  excipe,  await.  12.  anfractu,  winding. 
13.  atrum,  black.  15.  maligni,  dangerous.  17.  planities,  level  place. 
23.  Acca,  with  nuntius. 


46  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Books  XI.,  XII. 

deletas  Volscorum  acies,  cecidisse  Camillam, 

ingruere  infensos  hostis  et  Marte  secundo 

omnia  corripuisse,  metuin  iam  ad  inoenia  ferri. 

ille  furens  (et  saeva  lovis  sic  numina  poscunt) 

deserit  obsessos  collis,  nemora  aspera  linquit.  5 

vix  e  conspectu  exierat  campmnque  teiiebat, 

cum  pater  Aeneas,  saltus  ingressus  apertos, 

exsuperatque  iugum  silvaque  evadit  opaca. 

sic  ambo  ad  muros  rapidi  totoque  feruntur 

agmine  nee  longis  inter  se  passibus  absunt ;  10 

ac  simul  Aeneas  fumantis  pulvere  campos 

prospexit  longe  Laurentiaque  agmina  vidit, 

et  saevrnn  Aenean  agnovit  Turnus  in  armis 

adventumque  pedum  flatusque  audivit  equorum. 

continuoque  ineant  pugnas  et  proelia  temptent,  15 

ni  roseus  fessos  iam  gurgite  Phoebus  Hibero 

tingat  equos  noctemque  die  labente  reducat. 

considunt  castris  ante  urbem  et  moenia  valiant. 


Turnus  decides  to  meet  Aeneas  in  single  combat.  Latinus  and 
Amata  try  in  vain  to  dissuade  him.  The  two  contestants  pre- 
pare for  the  Jight,  xii.  1-112. 

Turnus  ut  infractos  adverso  Marte  Latinos 
defecisse  videt,  sua  nunc  promissa  reposci,  20 

se  signari  oculis,  ultro  implacabilis  ardet 
attollitque  animos.     Poenorum  qualis  in  arvis, 
saucius  ille  gravi  venantum  vulnere  pectus, 
tum  demum  movet  arma  leo  gaudetque  comantis 

1.  deletas,  destroyed.  2.  ingruere,  attack.  8.  exsuperat,  appears 
above.  16.  gurgite  .  .  .  Hibero,  i.e.  the  Western  Ocean.  19.  infractos, 
broken.  22.  Poenorum,  i.e.  Africa.  23.  saucius, t^ownded.  23.  venantum, 
huntsmen.    24.  movet  arma,  makes  an  attack.    24.  comantis,  shaggy. 


898-915,  1-32.]      THE   STORY  OF   TURNUS.  47 

excutiens  cervice  toros  fixumque  latronis 

impavidus  f rangit  telum  et  f remit  ore  cruento : 

haud  secus  accenso  gliscit-  violentia  Turno. 

turn  sic  adfatur  regem  atque  ita  turbidus  infit : 

*  Nulla  mora  in  Turno;  nihil  est,  quod  dicta  retractent   5 

ignavi  Aeneadae,  nee  quae  pepigere  recusent: 

congredior.     fer  sacra,  pater,  et  concipe  foedus. 

aut  liac  Dardanium  dextra  sub  Tartara  mittam, 

desertorem  Asiae,  (sedeant  spectentque  Latini) 

et  solus  ferro  crimen  commune  refellam,  10 

aut  liabeat  victos,  cedat  Lavinia  coniunx.' 

Olli  sedato  respondit  corde  Latinus : 
'  0  praestans  animi  iuvenis,  quantum  ipse  feroci 
virtute  exsuperas,  tanto  me  impensius  aequum  est 
consulere  atque  omnis  metuentem  expendere  casus.         15 
sunt  tibi  regna  patris  Dauni,  sunt  oppida  capta 
multa  manu,  nee  non  aurumque  animusque  Latino  est. 
sunt  aliae  innuptae  Latio  et  Laurentibus  arvis, 
nee  genus  indecores.     sine  me  haec  haud  mollia  fatu 
sublatis  aperire  dolis,  simul  hoc  animo  hauri :  20 

me  natam  nulli  veterum  sociare  procorum 
fas  erat,  idque  omnes  divique  hominesque  canebant. 
victus  amore  tui,  cognato  sanguine  victus, 
coniugis  et  raaestae  lacrimis,  vincla  omnia  rupi : 
promissam  eripui  genero,  arm  a  impia  sumpsi.  25 

ex  illo  qui  me  casus,  quae,  Turne,  sequantur 

1.  tOTOB,  muscles,  smews.  3.  gliacit,  blazes  vp.  5.  dicta,  Aeneas's 
cliallenj^e.  G.  pepigere,  agreed  upon.  7.  pater,  Latinus.  10.  re- 
fellam, refute.  11.  victos,  sc.  nos.  14.  impensius,  more  earnestly. 
15.  expendere,  lay  before.  15.  casus,  chance.  17.  animus,  heart. 
20.  sublatis  .  .  .  dolis,  frankly.  20.  hauri,  receive,  judge.  21.  so- 
ciare, give  in  marriage.  21.  procorum,  suitors.  25.  promissam,  his 
betrothed. 


48  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

bella  vides,  quantos  primus  patiare  labores. 
bis  magna  victi  pugna  vix  urbe  tuemur 
spes  Italas,  recalent  nostro  Tiberina  fluenta 
sanguine  adhuc  campique  ingentes  ossibus  albent. 
quo  referor  totiens  ?  quae  mentem  insania  mutat  ?  5 

si  Turno  exstincto  socios  sum  ascire  paratus, 
cur  non  incolumi  potius  certamina  tollo  ? 
quid  consangiiinei  Rutuli,  quid  cetera  dicet 
Italia,  ad  mortem  si  te  (Fors  dicta  refutet !) 
prodiderim,  natam  et  conubia  nostra  petentem  ?  10 

respice  res  bello  varias ;  miserere  parentis 
longaevi,  quern  nunc  maestum  patria  Ardea  longe 
dividit/     haudquaquam  dictis  violentia  Turni 
flectitur ;  exsuperat  magis  aegrescitque  medendo. 
ut  primum  f ari  potuit,  sic  institit  ore :  15 

^  Quam  pro  me  curam  geris,  banc  precor,  optime,  pro  me 
deponas  letumque  sinas  pro  laude  pacisci. 
et  nos  tela,  pater,  ferrumque  baud  debile  dextra 
spargimus,  et  nostro  sequitur  de  vulnere  sanguis, 
longe  illi  dea  mater  erit,  quae  nube  fugacem  20 

feminea  tegat  et  vanis  sese  occulat  umbris.' 
At  regina,  nova  pugnae  conterrita  sorte, 
flebat  et  ardentem  generum  moritura  tenebat : 
^  Turne,  per  has  ego  te  lacrimas,  per  si  quis  Amatae 
tangit  bonos  animum  (spes  tu  nunc  una,  senectae  25 

tu  requies  miserae,  decus  imperiumque  Latini 
te  penes,  in  te  omnis  domus  inclinata  recumbit) 
unum  oro :  desiste  manum  committere  Teucris. 

3.  TecsAent,  are  still  warm.  3.  fluenta,  loaders.  4.  ailbent,  are  lo kite. 
7.  ceTt&mina.  tollo,  quit  the  fight.  9.  ref Mtet,  annul.  12.  longe  di- 
vidit,  keeps  distant.  14.  medendo,  under  treatment.  17.  pacisci, 
pay  the  price  of.  18.  debile,  weak.  20.  dea  mater,  Venus.  21.  oc- 
culat, hides.    27.  penes,  with. 


33-86.]  THE   STORY   OF   TURNUS.  49 

qui  te  cumque  manent  isto  certamine  casus, 

et  me,  Turne,  manent :  simul  haec  invisa  relinquam 

lumina  nee  generum  Aenean  captiva  videbo.' 

accepit  vocem  lacrimis  Lavinia  matris 

flagrantis  perfusa  genas,  cui  plurimus  ignem  5 

subiecit  rubor  et  calefacta  per  ora  cucurrit. 

Indum  sanguineo  veluti  violaverit  ostro 

si  quis  ebur,  aut  mixta  rubent  ubi  lilia  multa 

alba  rosa,  talis  virgo  dabat  ore  colores. 

ilium  turbat  amor,  figitque  in  virgine  vultus.  10 

ardet  in  arma  magis  paucisque  adfatur  Amatam : 

*  Ne,  quaeso,  ne  me  lacrimis  neve  omine  tanto 

prosequere  in  duri  certamina  Martis  euntem, 

o  mater ;  neque  enim  Turno  mora  libera  mortis. 

nuntius  haec  Idmon  Phrygio  mea  dicta  tyranno  15 

hand  placitura  refer :  cum  primum  crastina  caelo 

puniceis  invecta  rotis  Aurora  rubebit, 

non  Teucros  agat  in  Kutulos ;  Teucrum  arma  quiescant 

et  Rutuli;  nostro  dirimamus  sanguine  bellum; 

illo  quaeratur  coniunx  Lavinia  campo.'  20 

Haec  ubi  dicta  dedit  rapidusque  in  tecta  recessit, 
poscit  equos  gaudetque  tuens  ante  ora  frementis, 
Pilumno  quos  ipsa  decus  dedit  Orithyia, 
qui  candore  nives  anteirent,  cursibus  auras, 
circumstant  properi  aurigae  manibusque  lacessunt  25 

pectora  plausa  cavis  et  colla  comantia  pectunt. 


1.  qui  .  .  .  cumque,  whatever.  5.  flagrantis  .  .  .  genas,  burning 
cheeks.  (>.  rubor,  blush.  (5.  calefacta,  burning.  7.  ostro,  purple. 
9.  alba,  with  idia.  10.  crastina,  to-morrow's.  17.  puniceis,  flame- 
colored.  1\).  dirimajii\i.B,  decide.  2;?.  Orithyia,  wife  of  Boreas.  24.  an- 
teirent, rivalled.  25.  properi  aurigae,  nimble  charioteers.  25.  la- 
cessunt, pat.  20.  plausa,  sounding.  26.  oavis,  hollow,  open. 
20.  pectunt,  comb. 


50  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

ipse  dehinc  auro  squalentem  alboque  orichalco 

circumdat  loricam  umeris,  simul  aptat  habeudo 

ensemque  clipeumque  et  rubrae  cornua  cristae, 

ensem,  quern  Dauno  ignipotens  deus  ipse  parenti 

fecerat  et  Stygia  candentem  tiuxerat  uiida.  6 

exin,  quae  mediis  ingenti  adnixa  columnae 

aedibus  astabat,  validam  vi  corripit  has  tarn, 

Actoris  Aurunci  spoliura,  quassatque  trementem 

vociferans  :  '  Nunc,  o  numquam  f rustrata  vocatus 

hasta  meos,  nunc  tempus  adest;  te  maxim  us  Actor,        lO 

te  Tumi  nunc  dextra  gerit.     da  sternere  corpus 

loricamque  manu  valida  lacerare  revulsam 

semiviri  Phrygis  et  foedare  in  pulvere  crinis 

vibratos  calido  ferro  murraque  madentis.' 

his  agitur  furiis,  totoque  ardentis  ab  ore  15 

scintillae  absistunt,  oculis  micat  acribus  ignis ; 

mugitus  veluti  cum  prima  in  proelia  taurus 

terrificos  ciet  atque  irasci  in  cornua  temptat, 

arboris  obnixus  trunco,  ventosque  lacessit 

ictibus  aut  sparsa  ad  pugnam  proludit  harena.  20 

Nee  minus  interea  maternis  saevus  in  armis 
Aeneas  acuit  Martem  et  se  suscitat  ira, 
oblato  gaudens  componi  foedere  helium, 
tum  socios  maestique  metum  solatur  luli, 
fata  docens,  regique  iubet  responsa  Latino  25 

certa  referre  viros  et  pacis  dicere  leges. 

1.  squalentem,  rough.  1.  orichalco,  brass.  2.  habendo,  for  use. 
4.  ignipotens  deus,  Vulcan.  5.  candentem,  glowing.  6.  exin  = 
exincle.  6.  adnixa,  leaning.  8.  quassat,  shakes.  9.  vocatus  .  .  . 
meos,  my  bidding.  14.  vibratos,  curled.  14.  murra  madentis,  damp 
with  myrrh.  16.  scintillae,  JfasAes.  18.  ciet,  .sends /or^A.  18.  irasci 
in  cornua,  to  gather  his  rage  into  his  horns.  23.  oblato  .  .  .  foedere, 
on  the  proffered  terms. 


87-183.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  51 

The  two  armies  are  drawn  up  to  watch  the  contest.  The  people 
watch  from  the  towers  and  gates,  xii.  113-133.  Juno  incites 
Juturna,  sister  of  Turnus,  to  take  part  in  the  contest,  xii.  134-160. 

Latinus  atid  Aeneas  make  the  treaty,  xii.  161-216. 

Interea  reges,  ingenti  mole  Latinus 
quadriiugo  vehitiir  curru,  cui  tempora  circum 
aurati  bis  sex  radii  fulgentia  cingunt, 
Solis  avi  specimen;  bigis  it  Turnus  in  albis, 
bina  manu  lato  crispans  liastilia  ferro ;  5 

liinc  pater  Aeneas,  Romanae  stirpis  origo, 
sidereo  flagi*ans  clipeo  et  caelestibus  armis, 
et  iuxta  Ascanius,  magnae  spes  altera  Romae, 
procedunt  castris,  puraque  in  veste  sacerdos 
saetigeri  fetiim  suis  intonsamque  bidentem  lo 

attulit  admovitque  pecus  flagrantibus  aris. 
illi  ad  surgentem  conversi  lumina  solem 
dant  fruges  manibus  salsas  et  tempora  ferro 
sum  ma  notant  pecudum  paterisque  altaria  libant. 
tum  pius  Aeneas  stricto  sic  ense  precatur :  15 

'  Esto  nunc  Sol  testis  et  haec  mihi  Terra  vocanti, 
quam  propter  tantos  potui  perferre  labores, 
et  pater  omnipotens  et  tu  Saturnia  coniunx, 
iam  melior,  iam,  diva,  precor ;  tuque  inclute  Mavors, 
cuncta  tuo  qui  bella,  pater,  sub  numine  torques ;  20 

fontisque  fluviosque  voco,  quaeque  aetheris  alti 
religio  et  quae  caeruleo  sunt  numina  ponto : 
cesserit  Ausonio  si  fors  victoria  Turno, 


4.  specimen,  sign,  token.  4.  bigis,  two-horsed  chariot.  5.  cri- 
spans, hrandishinij.  10.  saetigeri  fetum  suis,  the  young  of  a  bristly 
swine.  10.  intonsamque  bidentem,  unshorn  sheep.  14.  pateris, 
bowls.    VJ.  inclute,  glorious.    20.  torques,  direct. 


52  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

convenit  Euandri  victos  discedere  ad  urbem. 


cedet  lulus  agris,  nee  post  arma  ulla  rebelles 

Aeneadae  referent  ferrove  haec  regna  lacessent. 

sin  nostrum  adnuerit  nobis  Victoria  Martem 

(ut  potius  reor  et  potius  di  numine  firment),  5 

non  ego  nee  Teucris  Italos  parere  iubebo 

nee  mihi  regna  peto :  paribus  se  legibus  ambae 

invictae  gentes  aeterna  in  foedera  mittant. 

sacra  deosque  dabo ;  socer  arma  Latinus  habeto, 

imperium  sollemne  socer  ;  mihi  moenia  Teucri  10 

constituent  urbique  dabit  Lavinia  nomen.' 

sic  prior  Aeneas ;  sequitur  sic  deinde  Latinus, 

suspicions  caelum,  tenditque  ad  sidera  dextram : 

*  Haec  eadem '  Aenea,  terrain,  mare,  sidera  iuro, 

Latonaeque  genus  duplex  lanumque  bifrontem  15 

vimque  deum  infernam  et  duri  sacraria  Ditis ; 

audiat  haec  genitor,  qui  foedera  fulmine  sancit. 

tango  aras,  medios  ignis  et  numina  testor : 

nulla  dies  pacem  banc  Italis  nee  foedera  rumpet, 

quo  res  cumque  cadent,  nee  me  vis  ulla  volentem  20 

avertet,  non,  si  tellurem  effundat  in  undas, 

diluvio  miscens,  caelumque  in  Tartara  solvat; 

ut  sceptrum  hoc '  (dextra  sceptrum  nam  forte  gerebat) 

^  numquam  fronde  levi  f undet  virgulta  nee  umbras, 

cum  semel  in  silvis  imo  de  stirpe  recisum  25 

matre  caret  posuitque  comas  et  bracchia  f erro ; 

dim  arbos,  nunc  artificis  manus  aere  decoro 

inclusit  patribusque  dedit  gestare  Latinis/ 

talibus  inter  se  firmabant  foedera  dictis 

15.  genus  duplex,  Apollo  and  Diana.  20.  quo  .  .  .  cumque,  in 
whatever  lomj.  22.  diluvio,  deluge.  24.  virgiQta,  shoots.  25.  reci- 
sum, severed.    26.  comas,  leaves. 


184-2.']6.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  53 

conspectii  in  medio  proceruin.     turn  rite  sacratas 
in  flammam  iugulant  pecudes  et  viscera  vivis 
eripiunt  cumulantque  oneratis  lancibus  aras. 

The  ButuUans,  at  sight  of  Turnus,  recognize  the  inequality  of  the 
contest.  Jutiirna,  assuming  the  form  of  Camers,  works  upon  their 
sympathy^  xii.  216-243. 

At  vero  Rutulis  impar  ea  pngna  videri 
iamdudum  et  vario  misceri  pectora  motu  ;  5 

turn  magis,  ut  propius  cernunt  non  viribus  aequis. 
adiuvat  incessu  tacito  progressus  et  arani 
suppliciter  venerans  demisso  luraiue  Turnus 
tabentesque  genae  et  iuvenali  in  corpore  pallor, 
quern  simiil  ac  luturna  soror  erebrescere  vidit  10 

sermonem  et  vulgi  variare  labantia  corda, 
in  medias  acies,  formam  adsimulata  Camerti 
(cui  genus  a  proavis  ingens  claruinque  paternae 
nomen  erat  virtutis  et  ipse  acerrimus  armis), 
in  medias  dat  sese  acies,  baud  nescia  rerum,  15 

rumoresque  serit  varios  ac  talia  fatur : 
*  Non  pudet,  o  Rutuli,  pro  cunctis  talibus  unam 
obiectare  animam  ?  numerone  an  viribus  aequi 
non  sumus  ?  en,  omnes  et  Troes  et  Arcades  hi  sunt, 
fatalisque  manus,  infensa  Etruria  Turno.  20 

vix  hostem,  alterni  si  congrediamur,  liabemus. 
ille  quidem  ad  superos,  quorum  se  devovet  arts, 
succedet  fama  vivusque  per  ora  feretur  ; 
nos  patria  amissa  dominis  parere  superbis 

2.  in  flammam  iu§^ant,  slay  and  put  upon  the  fires.  3.  lancibus, 
plates.  7.  adiuvat,  adds  to  (their  feeling).  7.  incessu,  step.  8.  de- 
misso lumine,  loith  eyes  cast  down.  i).  tabentes,  wasting.  16.  serit, 
sows.    21.  alterni,  i.e  half  of  us.    2:i.  succedet,  is  lifted. 


54  VERGILI   AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

cogemurj  qui  nunc  lenti  consedimus  arvis.' 

talibus  incensa  est  iuvenum  sententia  dictis 

iam  magis  atque  inagis  serpitque  per  agmina  murmur ; 

ipsi  Laurentes  mutati  ipsique  Latini. 

qui  sibi  iam  requiem  pugnae  rebusque  salutem  5 

sperabant,  nunc  arma  volunt  foedusque  precantur 

infectum  et  Turni  sortem  miserantur  iniquam. 


An  eagle  carrying  a  swan  in  its  talons  is  seen  pursued  by  a  flock 
of  birds  and  compelled  to  drop  its  prey.  The  liutulians  regard- 
ing this  as  an  omen  are  encouraged  to  attack  the  Trojans.  The 
battle  soon  becomes  general.  Latinus  flees,  bearing  his  gods  with 
him,  XII.  244-310. 

While  endeavoring  to  put  an  end  to  the  fight,  Aeneas  is  wounded. 
Turnus  elated  at  this  turn  of  fortune  falls  upon  the  Trojan  host^ 
XII.  311-330. 

At  pius  Aeneas  dextram  tendebat  inermem 
nudato  capite  atque  suos  clamore  vocabat : 
'  Quo  ruitis  ?  quaeve  ista  repens  discordia  surgit  ?  10 

o  cohibete  iras !  ictum  iam  foedus  et  omnes 
compositae  leges  ;  milii  ius  concurrere  soli ; 
me  sinite  atque  auferte  metus ;  ego  foedera  faxo 
firma  manu ;  Turnum  debent  haec  iam  mihi  sacra.' 
has  inter  voces,  media  inter  talia  verba,  15 

ecce  viro  stridens  alis  adlapsa  sagitta  est, 
incertum  qua  pulsa  manu,  quo  turbine  adacta, 
quis  tantam  Rutulis  laudem,  casusne  deusne, 
attulerit :  pressa  est  insignis  gloria  facti 

1.  lenti,  i/i  peace.  7.  infectum,  unmade.  8.  inermem,  M?ia7*med.  \ 
14.  sacra,  sacHfices.  IG.  stridens,  hissing.  16.  alis,  on  wings.  \ 
18.  -ne  .  .  .  -ne,  lohether  .  .  .  or.    19.  pressa,  hidden.  | 


I 


237-436.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  55 

nec  sese  Aeneae  iactavit  vulnere  quisqiiam. 
Turnus,  ut  Aenean  cedentem  ex  agniine  vidit 
turbatosque  duces,  subita  spe  fervidus  ardet ; 
poscit  equos  atqiie  arma  simiil  saltuque  siiperbus 
emicat  in  currum  et  manibiis  molitur  habenas.  6 

miilta  virum  volitans  dat  fortia  corpora  Leto, 
semiueces  volvit  multos  aut  agmina  curru 
proterit  aut  raptas  fugientibus  ingerit  hastas. 


While  Turnus  is  thus  occupied,  Aeneas  is  led  to  the  camp.  The 
wound  does  not  yield  to  ordinary  treatment  and  the  Trojans  are 
in  dismay.  Venus,  however,  lends  her  aid,  and  the  wound  is 
suddenly  healed,  xii.  331-424. 

Aeneas  demands  his  weapons  and  bids  Ascanius  farewell,  xii. 
425-440. 

'  Arma  citi  properate  viro !  quid  statis  ? '  lapyx 
conclamat  primusque  animos  accendit  in  hostem.  10 

^  Non  haec  humanis  opibus,  non  arte  magistra 
proveniunt  neque  te,  Aenea,  mea  dextera  servat : 
maior  agit  deus  atque  opera  ad  maiora  remittit/ 
ille  avidus  pugnae  suras  incliiserat  auro 
liinc  atque  hinc  oditque  moras  hastamque  coruscat.         15 
postquam  habilis  lateri  clipeus  loricaque  tergo  est, 
Ascanium  fusis  circum  complectitur  armis 
summaque  per  galeam  delibans  oscula  fatur  : 
'  disce,  puer,  virtutem  ex  me  verumque  laborem, 
fortunam  ex  aliis.     nunc  te  mea  dextera  belle  20 


1.  seae  .  .  .  iactavit,  boasted.  4.  saltu,  leap.  5.  manibus  molitur 
habenas,  seizes  the  reins.  8.  proterit,  tramples.  8.  ingerit,  hurif. 
9.  lapyx,  the  physician  of  Aeneas.  12.  proveniunt,  happen.  16.  ha- 
\>i]xB,  fitted.    18.  delibans,  touching. 


56  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

defensum  dabit  et  magna  inter  praemia  ducet. 
til  facito,  mox  cum  matura  adoleverit  aetas, 
sis  memor  et  te  animo  repetentem  exempla  tuorum 
et  pater  Aeneas  et  avunculus  excitet  Hector.'' 


Aeneas  enters  the  battle  and  the  enemy  in  terror  flee  from  him, 
XII.  441-465. 

Aeneas  seeks  only  Turnus,  hut  Juturna  manages  to  keep  the  two 
apart,  xii.  466-487. 

Solum  densa  in  caligine  Turnum  5 

vestigat  lustrans,  solum  in  certamina  poscit. 
hoc  concussa  metu  mentem  luturna  virago 
aurigam  Turni  media  inter  lora  Metiscum 
excutit  et  longe  lapsum  temone  relinquit ; 
ipsa  subit  manibusque  undantis  flectit  habenas,  lo 

cuncta  gerens,  vocemque  et  corpus  et  arma  Metisci. 
nigra  velut  magnas  domini  cum  divitis  aedes 
pervolat  et  pinnis  alta  atria  lustrat  hirundo, 
pabula  parva  legens  nidisque  loquacibus  escas, 
et  nunc  porticibus  vacuis,  nunc  umida  circum  15 

stagna  sonat :  similis  medios  luturna  per  hostis 
fertur  equis  rapidoque  volans  obit  omnia  curru, 
iamque  hie  germanum  iamque  hie  ostentat  ovantem, 
nee  conferre  manum  patitur,  volat  avia  longe. 
hand  minus  Aeneas  tortos  legit  obvius  orbes  20 

vestigatque  virum  et  disiecta  per  agmina  magna 
voce  vocat.     quotiens  oculos  coniecit  in  hostem 

6.  lustrans,  searcAmgr.  1.  viT^.go,  man-like.  8.  lora,rem5.  9.  te- 
mone, pole,  tongue.  10.  undantis,  flowing.  13.  hirundo,  swallow. 
14.  nidis,  nest,  young.  14.  escas,  food.  16.  stagna,  i.e.  the  implu- 
vium.    18.  ovantem,  triumphant.    20.  tortos,  winding. 


437-631.]  THE   STORY   OF  TURNUS.  57 

alipediimque  fugam  cursii  temptavit  equorum, 
aversos  totiens  currus  Iiiturna  retorsit. 
heu,  quid  agat  ?  vario  nequiqiiam  fluctuat  aestu 
diversaeque  vocant  animum  in  contraria  curae. 


Aeneas  and  Turnus,  thus  kept  apart,  fight  in  different  parts  of  the 
field.  At  last  Aeneas  attacks  the  city  of  the  Latins.  In  the  face 
of  this  new  disaster  the  Latins  are  horror-stricken  to  learn  that 
the  queen  Amata  has  committed  suicide,  xii.  488-613. 

Turnus,  having  discovered  his  charioteer  to  he  his  sister  Juturna, 
reproaches  her  for  restraining  him,  xii.  614-649. 

Interea  extreme  bellator  in  aequore  Turnus  '  5 

palantis  sequitur  paucos  iam  segnior  atque 
iam  minus  atque  minus  successu  laetus  equorum. 
attulit  hue  illi  caecis  terroribus  aura 
commixtum  clamorem  arrectasque  impulit  auris 
confusae  sonus  urbis  et  inlaetabile  murmur.  10 

*  Ei  mihi !  quid  tanto  turbantur  moenia  luctu  ? 
quisve  ruit  tantus  diversa  clamor  ab  urbe  ?  ' 
sic  ait  adductisque  amens  subsistit  habenis. 
atque  huic,  in  faciem  soror  ut  conversa  Metisci 
aurigae  currumque  et  equos  et  lora  regebat,  15 

talibus  occurrit  dictis :  *  Hac,  Turne,  sequamur 
Troiugenas,  qua  prima  viam  victoria  pandit : 
sunt  alii,  qui  tecta  manu  defendere  possint. 
ingi-uit  Aeneas  Italis  et  proelia  miscet : 
et  nos  saeva  manu  mittamus  funera  Teucris.  20 

nee  numero  inferior,  pugnae  nee  honore  recedes/ 
Turnus  ad  haec : 

1.  alipcdum,    loing-footed.    6.  palantis,    stragglers.    10.  inlaeta- 
bile, joy/ess.    19.  iufpnjal,  falls  upon.    21.  recedes,  to if^dra to. 


58  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

^  0  soror,  et  dudum  agnovi,  cum  prima  per  artem 
foedera  turbasti  teque  haec  in  bella  dedisti, 
et  nunc  nequiquam  fallis  dea.     sed  quis  Olympo 
demissam  tantos  voluit  te  ferre  labores  ? 
an  fratris  niiseri  letum  ut  crudele  videres  ?  5 

nam  quid  ago  ?  aut  quae  iam  spondet  Fortuna  salutem  ? 
vidi  oculos  ante  ipse  meos  me  voce  vocantem  . 
Murranum,  quo  non  superat  mihi  carior  alter, 
oppetere  ingentem  atque  ingenti  vulnere  victum. 
occidit  infelix,  ne  nostrum  dedecus  Ufens  10 

aspiceret ;  Teucri  potiuntur  corpore  et  armis. 
exscindine  domos  (id  rebus  defuit  umim), 
perpetiar,  dextra  nee  Drancis  dicta  refellam  ? 
terga  dabo  et  Turnum  fugientem  haec  terra  videbit  ? 
usque  adeone  mori  miserum  est  ?  vos  o  mihi  manes        15 
este  boni,  quoniam  superis  adversa  voluntas, 
sancta  ad  vos  anima  atque  istius  inscia  culpae 
descendam,  magnorum  baud  umquam  indignus  avorum.' 

A  messenger  bids  Turnus  come  to  the  defence  of  the  city,  xii.  650-675. 

Yix  ea  fatus  erat,  medios  volat  ecce  per  hostis 
vectus  equo  spumante  Saces,  adversa  sagitta  20 

saucius  ora,  ruitque  implorans  nomine  Turnum : 
'  Turne,  in  te  suprema  salus ;  miserere  tuorum. 
fulminat  Aeneas  armis  summasque  minatur 
deiecturum  arces  Italum  excidioque  daturum, 
iamque  faces  ad  tecta  volant,     in  te  ora  Latini,  25 

in  te  oculos  ref  erunt ;  mussat  rex  ipse  Latinus, 

8.  Murranum,  slain  by  Aeneas.  9.  oppetere,  perish.  10.  Ufens, 
a  Latin  leader.  12.  exscindi,  to  be  destroyed.  13.  perpetiar,  permit. 
20.  Bpumajite,  foaming.    26.  mussat,  is  in  doubt. 


632-682.]  THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS.  59 

quos  generos  vocet  aut  quae  sese  ad  foedera  flectat. 

praeterea  regina,  tiii  lidissima,  dextra 

occidit  ipsa  sua  lucemque  exterrita  fugit. 

soli  pro  portis  Messapus  et  acer  Atinas 

sustentant  acies.     circum  hos  utrimque  phalanges  6 

stant  densae  strictisque  seges  mucronibus  horret 

ferrea :  tu  currum  deserto  in  gramine  versas.' 

obstipuit  varia  confusus  imagine  rerum 

Turnus  et  obtutu  tacito  stetit ;  aestuat  ingens 

uno  in  corde  pudor  mixtoque  insania  luctu  10 

et  furiis  agitatus  amor  et  conscia  virtus. 

ut  primum  discussae  umbrae  et  lux  reddita  menti, 

ardentis  oculorum  orbis  ad  moenia  torsit 

turbidus  eque  rotis  magnam  respexit  ad  urbem. 

ecce  autem  flammis  inter  tabulata  volutus  15 

ad  caelum  undabat  vertex  turrimque  tenebat, 

turrim,  compactis  trabibus  quam  eduxerat  ipse 

subdideratque  rotas  pontisque  instraverat  altos. 

Turnus  leaps  from  his  chariot  and  rushes  to  the  city,  xii.  676-696. 

*  lam  iam  fata,  soror,  superant :  absiste  morari ; 

quo  deus  et  quo  dura  vocat  Fortuna,  sequamur.  20 

stat  conferre  manum  Aeneae,  stat,  quidquid  acerbi  est, 

morte  pati ;  neque  me  indecorem,  germana,  videbis 

amplius.     hunc,  oro,  sine  me  furere  ante  furorem.' 

dixit  et  e  curru  saltum  dedit  ocius  arvis 

perque  hostis,  per  tela  ruit  maestamque  sororem  25 

6.  seges  .  .  .  horret  ferrea,  the  iron  line  bristles.  9.  obtutn,  con- 
templation. 12.  discussae,  dispelled.  14.  eque,  and  from.  15.  tabu- 
lata, floo7's.  15.  flammis  .  .  .  volutus  .  .  .  vertex,  whirling  coil  of 
flame.  18.  subdideratque  rotas,  pat  the  wheels  under.  21.  stat,  it 
is  time. 


60  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

deserit  ac  rapido  cursu  media  agmina  rum  pit. 

ac  veluti  montis  saxum  de  vertice  praeceps 

cum  ruit,  avolsum  vento,  seu  turbidus  imber 

proluit  aut  ami  is  solvit  sublapsa  vetustas  ; 

fertur  in  abruptum  magno  mons  improbus  actu  5 

exsultatque  solo,  silvas,  armenta  virosque 

involvens  secum  :  disiecta  per  agmina  Turnus 

sic  urbis  ruit  ad  muros,  ubi  plurima  fuso 

sanguine  terra  madet  striduntque  hastilibus  aurae, 

signiiicatque  manu  et  magno  simul  incipit  ore :  10 

'  Parcite  iam,  Rutuli,  et  vos  tela  inbibete,  Latini : 

quaecumque  est  Fortuna,  mea  est ;  me  verius  unum 

pro  vobis  foedus  lucre  et  decernere  ferro/ 

discessere  omnes  medii  spatiumque  dedere. 


Turnus  and  Aeneas  Jight,  and^  his  sword  failing  him,  Turnus  flees, 
XII.  697-745. 

At  pater  Aeneas  audito  nomine  Tumi  15 

deserit  et  muros  et  summas  deserit  arces 
praecipitatque  moras  omnis,  opera  omnia  rumpit, 
laetitia  exsultans,  horrendumque  intonat  armis, 
quantus  Athos  aut  quantus  Eryx  aut  ipse,  coruscis 
cum  fremit  ilicibus,  quantus,  gaudetque  nivali  20 

vertice  se  attollens  pater  Appenninus  ad  auras, 
iam  vero  et  Rutuli  certatim  et  Troes  et  omnes 
convertere  oculos  Itali,  quique  alta  tenebant 
moenia  quique  imos  pulsabant  ariete  muros, 
armaque  deposuere  umeris.     stupet  ipse  Latinus  25 

3.  avolsum,  torn  up.  4.  proluit,  washed  up.  4.  annis  .  .  .  sub- 
lapsa vetustas,  time  in  the  coui^se  of  years.  9.  madet,  is  wet. 
12.  verius,  better.    20.  ilicibus,  oaks.    24.  ariete,  hatteinng-rayn. 


683-734.]  THE  STORY  OF  TURNUS.  61 

ingentis,  geiiitos  diversis  partibus  orbis, 

inter  se  coiisse  viros  et  cernere  ferro. 

atque  illi,  ut  vacuo  patuerunt  aequore  campi, 

procursu  rapido,  coniectis  eminus  hastis, 

invadunt  Martera  clipeis  atque  aere  sonoro.  6 

dat  gemitum  tellus;  turn  crebros  ensibus  ictus 

congeminant ;  f ors  et  virtus  miscentur  in  unum. 

ac  velut  ingenti  Sila  summove  Taburno 

cum  duo  conversis  inimica  in  proelia  tauri 

frontibus  incurrunt;  pavidi  cessere  magistri;  10 

stat  pecus  omne  metu  mutum  nmssantque  iuvencae, 

quis  nemori  imperitet,  quern  tota  armenta  sequantur  • 

illi  inter  sese  multa  vi  vulnera  miscent 

cornuaque  obaixi  infigunt  et  sanguine  largo 

colla  armosque  lavant ;  geniitu  nemus  omne  remugit :     15 

non  aliter  Tros  Aeneas  et  Daunius  heros 

concurrunt  clipeis ;  ingens  f ragor  aethera  complet. 

luppiter  ipse  duas  aequato  examine  lances, 

sustinet  et  fata  iraponit  diversa  duorum, 

quem  damnet  labor  et  quo  vergat  pondere  letum.  20 

emicat  hie,  impune  putans,  et  corpore  toto 

alte  sublatum  consurgit  Turnus  in  ensem 

et  ferit :  exclamant  Troes  trepidique  Latini, 

arrectaeque  amborum  acies  :  at  perfidus  en  sis 

frangitur  in  medioque  ardentem  deserit  ictu,  25 

ni  fuga  subsidio  subeat.     fugit  ocior  Euro, 

ut  capulum  ignotum  dextramque  aspexit  inermem. 

1.  genitos,  born.  2.  viros,  heroes.  4.  eminus, /rom  a  distance. 
7.  congeminant,  redouble.  8.  Sila,  a  forest  in  southern  Italy.  8.  Ta- 
burno, a  mountain  in  Samnium.  10.  magistri,  keepers.  14,  obnizi, 
struggling.  ir>.  &Tmos,. shoulders.  18.  exa.mine,  tongue  of  a  balance. 
18.  lances,  balance.  20.  yergaX,  falls.  22.  alte  sublatum,  lifted  aloft. 
24.  arrectae,  expectant.    26.  Euro,  witid.    27.  capulum,  hilt. 


62  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

fama  est,  praecipitem,  cum  prima  in  proelia  iunctos 

conscendebat  equos,  patrio  mucrone  relicto, 

dum  trepidat,  ferrum  aurigae  rapuisse  Metisci : 

idque  diu,  dum  terga  dabant  palantia  Teucri, 

suffecit ;  postquam  arma  dei  ad  Volcania  ventum  est,      5 

mortalis  mucro,  glacies  ceu  futtilis,  ictu 

dissiluit,  fulva  resplendent  fragmina  harena. 

ergo  amens  diversa  fuga  petit  aequora  Turnus 

et  nunc  hue,  inde  hue  incertos  implicat  orbes ; 

undique  enim  densa  Teucri  inclusere  corona  10 

atque  hinc  vasta  palus,  hinc  ardua  moenia  cingunt. 


Aeneas  pursues.     Juturna  and  Venus  aid  their  favorites,  xir.  746- 
790. 

Nee  minus  Aeneas,  quamquam  tardante  sagitta 
interdum  genua  impediunt  cursumque  recusant, 
insequitur  trepidique  pedem  pede  fervidus  urget, 
inclusum  veluti  si  quando  flumine  nactus  15 

cervum  aut  puniceae  saeptum  formidine  pinnae 
venator  cursu  canis  et  latratibus  instat; 
ille  autem,  insidiis  et  ripa  territus  alta, 
mille  fugit  refugitque  vias  ;  at  vividus  Umber 
haeret  hians,  iam  iamque  tenet  similisque  tenenti  20 

increpuit  malis  morsuque  elusus  inani  est. 
tum  vero  exoritur  clamor,  ripaeque  lacusque 
responsant  circa  et  caelum  tonat  omne  tumultu. 

1.  praecipitem,  hastily.  6.  glacies  .  .  .  futtilis,  brittle  ice.  11.  pa- 
lus, marsh.  12.  tardante,  delaying.  13.  genua,  knees.  15.  nactus, 
finding.  16.  cervum,  stag.  16.  puniceae  .  .  .  pinnae,  purple  feathers 
erected  as  a  scare  by  huntsmen.  17.  latratibus,  &arA:ing'.  19.  Umber, 
an  Umbrian  dog.  20.  haeret  hians,  pursues  with  open  mouth. 
21.  increpuit  malis,  snaps  at  it.    21.  morsu,  bite,  hold. 


735-780.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  63 

ille  simul  fugiens  Rutulos  simiil  increpat  omnis, 

nomine  quemque  vocans,  notumque  efflagitat  ensem. 

Aeneas  mortem  contra  praesensque  minatur 

exitium,  si  quisquam  adeat,  terretque  trementis, 

excisurura  urbem  minitans,  et  saucius  instat.  5 

quinque  orbis  explent  cursu  totidemque  retexunt 

hue  illuc ;  neque  enim  levia  aut  ludicra  petuntur 

praemia,  sed  Turni  de  vita  et  sanguine  certant. 

forte  sacer  Fauno  foliis  oleaster  amaris 

hie  steterat,  nautis  olim  venerabile  lignum,  10 

servati  ex  undis  ubi  figere  dona  solebant 

Laurenti  divo  et  votas  suspendere  vestes ; 

sed  stirpem  Teucri  nullo  discrimine  sacrum 

sustulerant,  puro  ut  possent  concurrere  campo. 

hie  hasta  Aeneae  stabat,  hue  impetus  illam  15 

detulerat,  fixam  et  lenta  radice  tenebat. 

incubuit  voluitque  manu  convellere  ferrum 

Dardanides  teloque  sequi,  quern  prendere  cursu 

non  poterat.     turn  vero  amens  formidine  Turnus 

'  Faune,  precor,  miserere '  inquit,  ^  tuque  optima  ferrum   20 

Terra  tene,  colui  vestros  si  semper  honores, 

quos  contra  Aeneadae  bello  fecere  profanos/ 

dixit  opemque  dei  non  cassa  in  vota  vocavit. 

namque  diu  luctans  lentoque  in  stirpe  moratus 

viribus  hand  ullis  valuit  discludere  morsus  26 

roboris  Aeneas,     dum  nititur  acer  et  instat, 

rursus  in  aurigae  faciem  mutata  Metisci 

procurrit  fratrique  ensem  dea  Daunia  reddit. 

quod  Venus  audaci  nymphae  indignata  licere 

2.  efflagitat,  calls  for.  9.  oleaster,  olive  tree.  IG.  lenta,  tena- 
cious, pliant.  21.  colui,  kept,  ref/arded.  23.  C&BB&,  vain.  29.  quod, 
whereupon.    29.  licere,  the  inf.  depends  on  indignata. 


64  VERGILI  AENEIS.  [Book  XII. 

aecessit  telumque  alta  ab  radice  revellit. 
olli  sublimes,  armis  animisque  refecti, 
hie  gladio  fidens,  hie  acer  et  arduus  hasta, 
adsistunt  contra  certamina  Martis  anheli. 

Jupiter  compels  Juno  to  recall  Juturna  from  any  further  participa- 
tion in  the  contest  xii.  791-886. 

The  fight  is  renewed  and  Turnus  is  slain,  xii.  887-952. 

Aeneas  instat  contra  telumque  coruscat  5 

ingens  arboreum  et  saevo  sic  pectore  f atur : 
'  Quae  nunc  deinde  mora  est  ?  aut  quid  iam,  Turne,  retrac- 

tas? 
non  cursu,  saevis  certandum  est  comminus  armis. 
verte  bmnis  tete  in  facies  et  contrahe,  quidquid 
sive  animis  sive  arte  vales  ;  opta  ardua  pinnis  10 

astra  sequi  clausumque  cava  te  condere  terra.' 
ille  caput  quassans  '  Non  me  tua  f ervida  terrent 
dicta,  ferox :  di  me  terrent  et  luppiter  hostis.' 
nee  plura  effatus  saxum  circumspicit  ingens, 
saxum  antiquum,  ingens,  campo  quod  forte  iacebat,        15 
limes  agro  positus,  litem  ut  discerneret  arvis ; 
vix  illud  lecti  bis  sex  cervice  subirent, 
qualia  nunc  hominum  producit  corpora  tellus : 
ille  manu  raptum  trepida  torquebat  in  hostem, 
altior  insurgens  et  cursu  concitus  heros.  20 

sed  neque  currentem  se  nee  cognoscit  euntem 
tollentemve  manu  saxumque  immane  moventem ; 
genua  labant,  gelidus  concrevit  f rigore  sanguis. 

4.  anheli,  panting.  16.  limes,  boundary  mark.  16.  litem,  dis- 
pute. 20.  cursu  concitus,  swlfthj  running.  21.  se  .  .  .  cognoscit, 
recognize  himself,  i.e.  his  former  self. 


787-933.]  THE   STORY  OF  TURNUS.  65 

turn  lapis  ipse  viri,  vacuum  per  inane  volutus, 

nee  spatium  evasit  totum  neque  pertulit  ictum. 

ac  velut  in  somnis,  oculos  ubi  languida  pressit 

nocte  quies,  nequiquam  avidos  extendere  cursus 

velle  videmur  et  in  mediis  conatibus  aegri  5 

succidimus  (non  lingua  valet,  non  corpore  notae 

sufficiunt  vires  nee  vox  aut  verba  sequuntur), 

sic  Turno,  quacumque  viam  virtute  petivit, 

successum  dea  dira  negat.     turn  pectore  sensus 

vertuntnr  varii :  Eutulos  aspectat  et  urbem  lo 

cunctaturque  metu  telumque  instare  tremescit 

n^c,  quo  se  eripiat,  nee,  qua  vi  tendat  in  hostem, 

nee  currus  usquara  videt  aurigamque  sororem. 

cunctanti  telum  Aeneas  fatale  coruscat, 

sortitus  fortunam  oculis,  et  corpore  toto  16 

eminus  intorquet.     murali  concita  numquam 

tormento  sic  saxa  fremunt,  nee  fulmine  tanti 

dissultant  crepitus,     volat  atri  turbinis  instar 

exitium  dirum  hasta  ferens  orasque  recludit 

loricae  et  elipei  extremos  septeraplicis  orbes.  20 

per  medium  stridens  transit  femur,     incidit  ictus 

ingens  ad  terram  duplicato  poplite  Turnus. 

consurgunt  gemitu  Rutuli  totusque  remugit 

mons  eircum  et  vocem  late  nemora  alta  remittunt. 

ille  humilis  supplexque  oculos  dextramque  precantem    25 

protendens  *  Equidera  merui,  nee  deprecor '  inquit : 

*  utere  sorte  tua.     miseri  te  si  qua  parentis 

tangere  cura  potest,  oro  (fuit  et  tibi  talis 


1.  vacuum  per  inane,  through  empty  space.  2.  evasit,  covered. 
5.  conatibus,  attempts.  11.  telum,  subject  of  in.^tare.  1.5.  sortitus 
fortunam  oculis,  taking  fortunate  aim.  17.  tormento,  engine. 
18.  crepitus,  crashing.    18.  instar,  like.    22.  poplite,  knee. 


66  VERGILI  AENEIS.     [Book  XII.  934-952. 

Ancliises  genitor),  Dauni  miserere  senectae 

et  me,  seu  corpus  spoliatum  lumine  mavis, 

redde  meis.     vicisti  et  victum  tendere  palmas 

Ausonii  videre  5  tua  est  Lavinia  coniunx  : 

ulterius  ne  tende  odiis.'     stetit  acer  in  armis  5 

Aeneas,  volveris  oculos,  dextramque  repressit ; 

et  iam  iamque  magis  cunctantem  flectere  sermo 

coeperat,  infelix  umero  cum  apparuit  alto 

balteus  et  notis  fulserunt  cingula  bullis 

Pallantis  pueri,  victum  quem  vulnere  Turnus  10 

straverat  atque  umeris  inimicum  insigne  gerebat. 

ille,  oculis  postquam  saevi  monumenta  doloris 

exuviasque  hausit,  furiis  accensus  et  ira 

terribilis  '  Tune  hinc  spoliis  indute  meorum 

eripiare  mihi  ?  Pallas  te  hoc  vulnere,  Pallas  15 

immolat  et  poenam  scelerato  ex  sanguine  sumit.' 

hoc  dicens  ferrum  adverse  sub  pectore  condit 

fervidus.     ast  illi  solvuntur  frigore  membra 

vitaque  cum  gemitu  fugit  indignata  sub  umbras. 

9.  cingula,  girdle.    9.  bullis,  studs.    13.  exuvias,  spoils. 


Announcement. 

THE  STUDENTS'  SERIES  OF  LATIN  CLASSICS. 

UNDKK   THE   KDITOKIAL   SUPERVISION   OF 

ERNEST  MONDELL  PEASE,   A.M., 
Leland  Stanford  J%mior  University^ 

AKD 

HARRY  THURSTON  PECK,  Ph.D.,  L.H.D., 

Columbia  College. 


This  Series  will  contain  the  Latin  authors  usually  read  in  Ameri- 
can schools  and  colleges,  and  also  others  well  adapted  to  class-room 
use,  but  not  as  yet  published  in  suitable  editions.  The  several 
volumes  will  be  prepared  by  special  editors,  who  will  aim  to  revise 
the  text  carefully  and  to  edit  it  in  the  most  serviceable  manner. 
Where  there  are  German  editions  of  unusual  merit,  representing 
years  of  special  study  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances, 
these  will  be  used,  with  the  consent  of  the  foreign  editor,  as  a  basis 
for  the  American  edition.  In  this  way  it  will  be  possible  to  bring 
out  text- books  of  the  highest  excellence  in  a  comparatively  short 
period  of  time. 

The  editions  will  be  of  two  kinds,  conforming  to  the  different 
methods  of  studying  Latin  in  our  best  institutions.  Some  will 
contain  in  the  introductions  and  commentary  such  a  careful  and 
minute  treatment  of  the  author's  life,  language,  and  style  as  to 
afford  the  means  for  a  thorough  appreciation  of  the  author  and  his 
place  in  Latin  literature.  Others  will  aim  merely  to  assist  the 
student  to  a  good  reading  knowledge  of  the  author,  and  will  have 
only  the  text  and  brief  explanatory  notes  at  the  bottom  of  each 
page.  The  latter  will  be  particularly  acceptable  for  sight  reading, 
and  for  rapid  reading  after  the  minute  study  of  an  author  or  period 
in  one  of  the  fuller  editions.  For  instance,  after  a  class  has  read 
a  play  or  two  of  Plautus  and  Terence  carefully,  with  special  refer- 
ence to  the  peculiarities  of  style,  language,  metres,  the  methods 
of  presenting  a  play,  and  the  like,  these  editions  will  be  admirably 
suited  for  the  rapid  reading^f  other  plays. 

The  Series  will  also  contain  various  supplementary  works  pre- 
pared by  competent  scholars.  Every  effort  will  be  made  to  give 
the  books  a  neat  and  attractive  appearance. 

1 


The  following  volumes  are  now  ready  or  in  preparation :  — 

CAESAR,  Gallic  War,  Books  I-V.    By  Harold  W.  Johnston,  Ph.D., 

Professor  in  the  Indiana  University. 
CATULLUS,  Selections,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Riese.    By  Thomas 

B.  Lindsay,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Boston  University. 
CICERO,  Select  Orations.     By  B.  L.  D'Ooge,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the 

State  Normal  School,  Ypsilanti,  Mich. 

CICERO,  De  Senectute  et  de  Amicitia.  By  Charles  E.  Bennett, 
A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Cornell  University. 

CICERO,  Tusculan  Disputations,  Books  I  and  11.  By  Professor 
Peck. 

CICERO,  De  Oratore,  Book  I,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Sorof.  By 
W.  B.  Owen,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Lafayette  College.  Ready. 

CICERO,  Select  Letters,  based  in  part  upon  the  edition  of  Siipfle- 
Bockel.    By  Professor  Pease. 

EUTROPIUS,  Selections.  By  Victor  S  Clark,  Lit.B.,  New  Ulm 
High  School,  Minn. 

6ELLIUS,  Selections.    By  Professor  Peck. 

HORACE,  Odes  and  Epodes.  By  Paul  Shorey,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
the  Chicago  University.  Nearbj  Ready. 

HORACE,  Satires  and  Epistles,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Kiessling. 
By  James  H.  Kirkland,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Vanderbilt  Uni- 
versity. Ready. 

LIVy,  Books  XXI  and  XXII,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Wolfflin.  By 
John  K.  Lord,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Dartmouth  College.        Ready. 

LIVY,  Book  I,  for  rapid  reading.    By  Professor  Lord. 

LUCRETIUS,  De  Rerum  Natura,  Book  III.  By  W.  A.  Merrill,  Ph.D., 
Professor  in  the  University  of  California. 

MARTIAL,  Selections.  By  Charles  Knapp,  Ph.D.,  Professor  ip 
Barnard  College. 

NEPOS,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Isaac  Flago,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the 
University  of  California.  Ready. 

NEPOS,  Selections.  By  J.  C.  Jones,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  University 
of  Missouri. 

OVID,  Selections  from  the  Metamorphoses,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Meuser-Egcn.  By  B.  L.  Wiggins,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Univer- 
sity of  the  South. 


OVID,  Selections,  for  rapid  reading.  By  A.  L.  Bondukant,  A.M., 
Professor  in  tlie  University  of  Mississippi. 

FETBONIUS,  Cena  Trimalchionis,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Bucheler. 
By  W.  E.  AVaters,  Pli.D.,  President  of  Wells  College. 

PLAUTTJS,  Captivi,  for  rapid  reading.    By  Grove  E.  Barbrr,  A.M., 

Professor  in  the  University  of  Nebraska. 

PLAUTTJS,  Menaechmi,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Brix.  By  Harold 
N.  Fowler,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Western  Reserve  Univer- 
sity. Ready. 

PUNY,  Select  Letters,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Samuel  Ball  Plat- 
NKR,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Western  Reserve  University.    Ready. 

QmNTILLAN,  Book  X  and  Selections  from  Book  XII,  based  upon 
the  edition  of  Kriiger.  By  Carl  W.  Belser,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
the  University  of  Colorado. 

SALLTJST,  Catiline,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Schmalz.  By  Charles 
G.  Herbermann,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  Professor  in  the  College  of  the 
City  of  New  York.  Ready. 

SENECA,  Select  Letters.    By  E.  C.  Winslow,  A.M. 

TACITUS,  Annals,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Book  II,  based  upon 
the  edition  of  Nipperdey-Audresen.  By  E.  M.  Hyde,  Ph.D.,  Pro- 
fessor in  Lehigh  University. 

TACITUS,  Annals,  Book  XV.  By  J.  Everett  Brady,  Ph.D.,  Pro- 
fessor in  Smith  College. 

TACITUS,  Agricola  and  Germania,  based  upon  the  editions  of  Schwei- 
zer-Si(iler  and  Drager.  By  A.  G.  Hopkins,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
Hamilton  College.  Ready, 

TACITUS,  Histories,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Books  II -V,  based 
upon  the  edition  of  Wolff.  By  Edward  H.  Spiekkr,  Ph.D.,  Pro- 
fessor in  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

TEBENCE,  Adelphoe,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Willla.m  L.  Cowles, 
A.M.,  Professor  in  Amherst  College.  Ready, 

TERENCE,  Phormio,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Dziatzko.  By  Her- 
bert C.  Elmer,  Ph.D.,  Assistant  Professor  in  the  Cornell  Uni- 
versity. Ready. 

TIBULLUS  AND  PBOPEBTIUS,  Selections,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Jacoby.  By  Henry  F.  Burton,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  University 
of  Rochester. 

VALERIUS  MAXIMUS,  Fifty  Selections,  for  rapid  reading.  By 
Charles  S.  Smith,  A.M.,  College  of  New  Jersey.  Ready. 

3 


VELLEITTS  PATERCULUS,  Historia  Romana,   Book  II.    By  F.  E. 

RocKWOOD,  A.M.,  Professor  in  Buckuell  Uuiversity.  Ready. 

VERGIL,  Books  I-VI.  By  E.  Antoinette  Ely,  A.M.,  Hampton 
College,  and  S.  Frances  Pellett,  A.M.,  Binghamton  High 
School,  N.Y. 

VERGIL,  The  Story  of  Turnus  from  Aen.  VII-XII,  for  rapid  reading. 
By  Moses  Slaughter,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Iowa  College. 

VIRI  ROMAE,  Selections.  By  G.  M.  Whicher,  A.M.,  Packer  Col- 
legiate Institute. 

LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  college  use.  By  Walter  Miller,  A.M., 
Professor  in  the  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University.  Ready. 

LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  advanced  classes.  By  H.  R.  Fairclough. 
A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University. 

HAND-BOOK  OF  LATIN  SYNONYMS.    By  Mr.  Miller. 

A  FIRST  BOOK  IN  LATIN.  By  Hiram  Tuell,  A.M.,  Principal  of 
the  Milton  High  School,  Mass.,  and  Harold  N.  Fowler,  Ph.D., 
Western  Reserve  University.  Ready. 

EXERCISES  IN  LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  schools.  By  M.  Grant 
Daniell,  A.m.,  Principal  of  Chauncy-Hall  School,  Boston. 

Ready. 

THE  PRIVATE  LIFE  OF  THE  ROMANS,  a  manual  for  the  use  of 

schools  and  colleges.    By  Harriet  Waters  Preston  and  Louise 
Dodge.  Ready. 

GREEK  AND  ROMAN  MYTHOLOGY,  based  on  the  recent  work  of 
Steuding.  By  Karl  P.  Harrington,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina,  and  Herbert  C.  Tolman,  Ph.D.,  Pro- 
fessor in  Vanderbilt  University. 

ATLAS  ANTIQUTTS,  twelve  maps  of  the  ancient  w^orld,  for  schools  and 
colleges.    By  Dr.  Henry  Kiepert,  M.R.  Acad.  Berlin.       Ready. 

Tentative  arrangements  have  been  made  for  other  books  not  ready 
to  be  announced. 


LEACH,  SHEWELL,  &  SANBORN, 

Boston,  New  York,  and  Chicago. 
4t 


14  DAY  USE 

RETUKN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 

Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 

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